Environmental Effects of Vegetarianism Essay

The world is currently in crisis. The consequences of man’s actions had began to resurface as the environment becomes seriously threatened. Global warming is the immediate concern, as the earth continues to warm up and cause severe changes in climate. There are also other environmental issues to be spoken of: the possible scarcity of land and water, deforestation, pollution and the like. The awareness of these problems have prompted many individuals to do their part: this includes using alternative energy and hybrid cars. However, it seems that the best way to help the environment can be done through the modification of one’s diet. Apparently, the consumption of meat does more damage to the environment than vegetarianism. This research paper aims to discuss the environmental implications of animal agriculture, such as raising animals like cattle, as opposed to growing soybeans. According to the United Nations, â€Å"The livestock sector emerges as one of the top two or three most significant contributors to the most serious environmental problems, at every scale from local to global† (qtd. in Freston 1). Raising cattle is part of this sector, along with chickens and pigs (Freston 1). From the statement given by the United Nations, it is affirmed that indeed meat production has many environmental repercussions. So how is raising cattle, or animal agriculture in general, detrimental to the environment? To begin with, animal agriculture utilizes large areas of land. According to the Keith Akers of the Vegetarian Society of Colorado (VSC). in the United States â€Å"over 90% of all agricultural land is used for livestock agriculture. † In a global scale, of all the agricultural areas throughout the world, â€Å"about 69% is used to as pasture† (Ethical Vegetarian Alternative [EVA]). Therefore, a significant percentage of all the Earth’s surface is used for the purpose of breeding animals for meat consumption (EVA). The demand of land that comes with animal agriculture also results in deforestation (EVA). Because meat production requires more land area, forests have to be converted as agricultural areas. The forests are converted into agricultural land through a slash and burn technique which damages the forest (Freston). These forests are known to absorb the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, but when the trees are burnt, the absorbed carbon dioxide will be released back in the air. The amount of carbon dioxide released through the slash and burn technique outweighs the emission from fossil fuels (Freston). The rain forests transformed into animal agricultural areas also experiences a decrease in the quality of the soil (EVA). Due to the slash and burn method, the nutrients in the soil will eventually be lost and instead of grass, weeds will grow. Regeneration may prove difficult, while fertilizers can only serve as an initial remedy. Because of deforestation, half of all the Amazon meadows have been rendered infertile (EVA). Rain forests are destroyed to accommodate more cattle for grazing (EVA; Akers). It is said that the area of land damaged for this purpose is of the same size as â€Å"seven football fields† (â€Å"Meat†). From the year 1950, millions of hectares of forest land had vanished (EVA). In China, pine forests have been destroyed to accommodate animals and their crop food (â€Å"Meat†). However, the most distinguished damage of rain forests can be found in South America and Central America (EVA). In Brazil alone, land areas equal to the size of 5,000 soccer fields are disappearing at a daily rate. Again, this is because of deforestation to accommodate cattle grazing. As for Central America, the number of cows had increased just as the area for pasture had expanded from 1950 to 1995 (EVA). It is therefore no surprise that the prices for wood products had increased all over the world (Akers). It is merely the result of the growing demand of commodities from a resource that is slowly running out due to deforestation (Akers). Other environmental effects of animal agriculture are soil erosion and desertification (EVA). Animal agriculture is again responsible for soil erosion, which is directly caused by overgrazing of livestock (â€Å"Meat†). Over the last couple of years, numerous mouths and hooves have changed the landscape in more ways than man-made infrastructure such as freeways and strip mines ever did. Grazing per se is not harmful to the environment. In fact, it even has a positive effect on the landscape. However, overgrazing can cause intense erosion which can turn meadows into deserts (EVA). Cattle consumes a significant percentage of the vegetation; in doing so, the soil is damaged because of weight of the cattle. This, along with other factors to consider, enable erosion to occur in which the topsoil is removed. The topsoil is the most fertile layer which was made from rocks and created in a long period of time. It takes many years for the topsoil to be created again. Due to livestock grazing and crop production for livestock, a significant amount of topsoil is lost annually (VSC). As a result of extensive soil erosion, many lands all over the globe is currently undergoing desertification (EVA). Pastures from all over the world have been extremely eroded, which threatens the quantity of existing agricultural land. This posits a problem in a time when the population is continuously growing and food supplies are decreasing (EVA). Animal agriculture also causes the greenhouse effect, which in turn results in global warming (EVA). Gases, which are known as greenhouse gases, retain all the heat the earth accepts from the sun and sends it back to the atmosphere. This is essentially a natural occurrence. However, when the atmospheric levels of those gases increase, the heat will be trapped and the earth will warm up. The high temperature of the earth has negative effects in water levels, ecosystems, agriculture, and most specially, the climate (EVA). Four gases is known to contribute to global warming (EVA). Carbon dioxide is the primary greenhouse gas; other gases include â€Å"methane, halogenic compounds and nitrogen oxide† (EVA). Animal agriculture is responsible for most of the greenhouse emissions; this is because cows, among other animals, release methane in the air (EVA; Akers). Methane is derived from ruminants, such as buffaloes, goats, sheep and of course cows when they digest their food. Also, animal manure contribute to global warming as well (EVA). According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, 16% of global methane emissions come from animal agriculture (qtd. in EVA). Another environmental hazard that animal agriculture presents is eutrophication (EVA). It is characterized by the excessive amount of gases such as potassium, nitrogen and phosphur in the environment; as a result, ecosystems are affected. It posits a danger to biodiversity, water sources, and even soil development. The prime source of eutrophication is animal manure. Manure has metals in it, such as zinc and copper; these metals are added to fodder to enhance growth. The aforementioned elements are then transferred to land through manure, but it can also end up through residue in food intended for humans (EVA). Generally, animal manure is not harmful to the environment (EVA). It can actually used as fertilizers for the soil. However, at present, there is an excess of animal manure that it already presents a dilemma worldwide. Millions of kilograms of manure is created annually, but the space available cannot accommodate that excessive quantity. In Belgium, every kilogram of pork is equal to 16 kilograms of manure. That amount means that tons of both nitrogen and phosphor are released on Belgian soil every year. Such excess cannot be absorbed by the soil, making the heavy metal level in the country particularly high (EVA). Europe is not the only place in the world dealing with such problem. The global pig and poultry industries creates millions of tons of nitrogen yearly (EVA). In the United States, the manure produced by animals exceed that of people. According to the United States Department of Agriculture, 200 milk-cows create the same quantity of nitrates found in the village sewers which is occupied by 5,000 to 10, 000 citizens (qtd. in EVA). Consequently, 22, 000 hens can produce manure which releases an amount of phosphor equal to the manure of 6,000 individuals (EVA). Yet another environmental hazard that is caused by animal agriculture is acidification (EVA). It is caused by excessive amounts of sulfur and nitrogen in land, water, and the atmosphere. Acidification threatens ecosystems; trees die, forests struggle to survive and the quality of plants decreases. Lakes and other bodies of water suffer from this phenomena as well, posing danger to fishes and polluting the water sources. Acidification is best distinguished through acid rain (EVA). Again, animal agriculture plays a crucial part in acidification (EVA). It is the primary cause for such phenomena. So how does raising animals for food cause acid rain? Animal manure emits high levels of ammonia in the atmosphere. Two main contributors of ammonia are cows and pigs. Both animals produce 97% of all the ammonia in the atmosphere. Excessive amounts of ammonia is detrimental to the environment, as it is extremely toxic. Organisms such as reptiles, butterflies, even lichens are threatened by this compound (EVA). Ammonia is derived from the nitrates found in animal manure (EVA). The compound is mostly emitted to the atmosphere, but it can also affect both soil and water. This presents a danger to the human population, as the potable water supply may be contaminated with ammonia. Humans are not the only ones threatened by possible contamination. The fish population is also at risk, as the phosphates and nitrates can contaminate and decrease the quality of their habitat. Hence, manure derived from animal agriculture is responsible for acidification and water pollution due to the compounds found in the manure. If meat consumption is reduced, the methane will also be reduced as it only stays in the atmosphere for about ten years (Freston 2). This reduction will cause the planet to cool (Freston 2). Not only does animal agriculture pollute the waters, it also uses large amounts of it (EVA). In fact, it is the main consumer of sweet water. Water is actually used and abused by the meat industry (Akers). The consumption begins with watering the fodder crops (EVA; â€Å"Meat†). It is followed by the large amounts of water that animals need to drink. Then there is the need for water to maintain the factory farms, the trucks that transport the meat as well as the slaughterhouses (â€Å"Meat†). However, much water, approximately 80%, is also utilized for the creation of meat products (Akers; EVA). Meat processing also consumes too much water. In fact, for a single pound of meat to be produced, 5,000 gallons of water is used. Such great amount of water for such a small piece of meat is proof that the meat industry is wasting such a valuable resource. Compared to meat production, how does vegetarianism affect the environment? In essence, vegetarianism actually does not present any harm to the environment; in fact, it positively affects it. Vegetarianism works in this formula: â€Å" Land + Water = Crops† (Rutherford). There is limited land to be used, just as there is a limited water supply (Rutherford). A small area of land and a ample amount of water could produce a decent amount of crops. Planting of crops can be done in a small farmland; this endeavor does not need extensive territories for production, unlike meat consumption. The water to be used is also not wasted, as it will only be utilized to water the crops. In fact, 1 kilogram of meat uses 100 times the amount of water needed for 1 kilogram of vegetables (EVA). Hence, with limited resources, vegetarianism can be sustained and not endanger the environment. Not only does vegetarianism consider the limitations of natural resources but also it does not add waste that could be detrimental to ecosystems. In addition, the vegetarian lifestyle can actually help the environment. The crops will absorb the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and turns in into oxygen (Rutherford). Animal agriculture presents more disadvantages in the environment than vegetarianism. To begin with, meat production consumes limited resources that could be utilized for other endeavors. It also releases harmful elements and compounds in the air, soil and water. In the long run, the environment will suffer if this is continued. Therefore, compared to vegetarianism, animal agriculture is more detrimental to the environment. Works Cited Akers, Keith. â€Å"The Most Important Thing You Can Do For the Environment. † Vegetarian Society of Colorado. 14 May 2008 . Freston, Kathy. â€Å"Vegetarian is the New Prius. † Alternet. org. 7 Feb. 2007. 14 May 2008 . â€Å"Meat and the Environment. † Goveg. com. 14 May 2008 . Rutherford, Timothy. â€Å"Logical Environmental Reasoning for a Vegetarian Lifestyle. † Enviroveggie. com. 14 May 2008 . â€Å"Vegetarianism and the Environment. † Ethical Vegetarian Alternative. 14 May 2008 .

Conflict Can Be Character Building Essay

â€Å"Conflict Can Be Character Building† â€Å"Character building† is such a common phrase and has become a cliche designed to put a positive spin on painful experiences. While it is true to say that conflict is an inevitable aspect of life, it is not true to say that it always results in â€Å"building† people. In fact in some cases it tragically destroys them. While novelists and filmmakers, in particular, build a plotline which neatly introduces conflict, complications and crisis points which always lead to a positive resolution, real life doesn’t work that way. Stand by Me neatly follows this pattern, while real life conflicts such as friendship rifts, religious rivalries and political unrest may never be resolved and destroy many lives. Rob Reiner’s Stand By Me portrays conflict through its narrator and protagonist’s reflections of an important journey he took when he was twelve. It was a journey that helped him confront some of his own internal conflicts regarding the loss of his brother, grief and his relationship with his grieving parents. It also explored the personal conflicts of his peer group and their own internal struggles as well as the conflict they had with family and a rival â€Å"gang†. While Gordy’s â€Å"victory† in finding the body and standing up to Ace is a crisis point in which he emerges as a hero, we are aware that there are still conflicts that have been overlooked in the focus on the one experience. The other characters are glossed over as they return to their unhappy and dysfunctional homes and so too is the fact that the threat of retribution from their rivals. The film is tied up with a content Gordy who conveniently became the writer his older brother always told him he was, had a nice home and happy relationship with his own son and has memories of â€Å"friendship† to cherish. But we need to focus on the most tragic conflict from which his friend Chris does not survive. â€Å"He was stabbed in the throat; he died almost instantly. Although I hadn’t seen him for more than 10 years, I know I’ll miss him forever.† Group conflict is a reality most of us experience on a regular basis.It comes in many forms.It can be about friendship groups, family feuds, school or institutional authority, gang supremacy, sporting, political, religious or racial rivalries in the extreme state of outright war. Individuals and  groups do clash. Sometimes the conflicts are accepted as differences that will never change while other times they ignite violent reactions. Even bullying is seen as a conflict and for those who are truly affected by bullying and inturn suffer a life long struggle with mental health and self esteem-these people do not ‘build character’ whatever person they were has been destroyed. Instead of the polite, outgoing person-a new, changed character has come about and with it is drugs, self harm and eating disorders. Australia has seen many refugees and asylum seekers risking life and limb to reach our shores in an effort to escape conflict. We know that may of them don’t make it – many losing lives at sea and others scarred by the trauma of loss and their journeys. Our community has opened itself to many of the â€Å"lucky† ones who do make it here and yet they will tell you that the conflict in their lives haven’t â€Å"built† them but harmed them. Some have confessed that they will never recover, haunted by their experiences every day is a struggle. They don’t look back and say they are glad for the conflict as it gave them an opportunity to â€Å"build character†. Many people fear conflict with others but fail to consider the harm internal conflict has on them. There is an acceptance in dealing with or being concerned about conflict with others and internal conflicts still seem to be an issue most people are ashamed to acknowledge, much less discuss. True to its name they keep it all internal and wage a struggle on the inside.Internal conflict leads many to suffer silently on a daily basis and rather than build their character it can absolutely warp them and even break them. Depression, substance abuse (drugs and alcohol) as well as self harm, risky behaviours and suicide are all results of internal struggles that have not ended in â€Å"building† but instead ruining character. â€Å"Dealing with one young person’s sexual orientation was such an internal conflict that he turned to drugs and ended up a completely different personality who sadly overdosed. Friends and family just couldn’t understand why it ended so tragically.†- It is not an uncommon story. Character building happens in many ways. Ultimately, It happens through experience, growth, education, love, relationships, travel and support – to name a few. It is wrong to assume that true character growth can only happen  with painful experiences and conflicts. It may be the case that sometimes a conflict teaches us a great deal and can contribute another layer to our character, but it is also more often the case that conflict can start a chain of events that ends in tragedy and has a destructive effect on an individual or groups of people which can even reverberate for generations.

Texas A M Acceptance Rate and Admissions Requirements

In many ways, Texas A&M is the consummate big college. It has over 50,000 undergrads, a city setting, and a campus that spans 5,200 acres. It offers quality academic and athletic programs, along with all the resources one would expect from such a large institution. For students looking for a true big college experience, Texas A&M has a lot to offer. Founded in 1876, Texas A&M was originally the Agriculture and Mechanical College of Texas. Today, it is just Texas A&M and offers 16 colleges and schools, 5,000 faculty, and 130 undergraduate degree programs. In addition to its home base in College Station, Texas, Texas A&M also offers a maritime branch in Galveston, Texas, an engineering branch in Doha, Qatar, and program centers in Mexico and Costa Rica. Texas A&M ranks in the top 100 public universities and ranks first among public universities for the number of students studying abroad. In addition, it has recently landed among the top five in the US News and World Reports categories of â€Å"best value†, â€Å"most affordable†, â€Å"best outcomes for low-income students†, and â€Å"student engagement†. If you’re interested in taking advantage of all that Texas A&M has to offer, don’t miss this post. Texas A&M accepts the Coalition Application or ApplyTexas . Official SAT or ACT score reports are required, as is an essay . You’ll also need to submit the standard application components of a high school transcript and an application fee or fee waiver. Teacher recommendations are optional, but if submitted, only the first two submitted will be considered. Texas A&M does not offer admissions interviews. Texas A&M opens admissions season early, with the office accepting applications beginning July 1st. The deadline for regular admissions applications is December 1st. Engineering majors can apply through the Early Action program, which has an October 15 deadline. Note that if a deadline falls on a weekend, the application will remain open until 11:59 PM  (CST) on the following Monday. This does not apply to the Early Action Deadline for engineering. Additional required documents will be accepted until 5:00pm (CST) on that Monday. In recent years, the acceptance rate at Texas A&M has pretty consistently been around 65-70% . This might seem like a fairly easy school to get into just based on that, but in reality, it’s a little more complex than that. Remember, Texas A&M is a huge school. There were over 37,000 applicants for the class of 2022. Of these, just 26,000 were offered a place in the incoming class. It may be tempting to take the acceptance rate at Texas A&M lightly, but this would be a mistake. Though the acceptance rate in 2018 was 70%, it’s important to remember that there were still 11,000 applicants who did not get in. US News and World Reports still considers Texas A&M a moderately selective school, and if you want to score a place there, you’ll need to make sure you meet all its admissions requirements. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. Texas A&M requires all applicants to submit either the SAT with Essay or the ACT with Essay. Test scores are listed as a very important factor in admissions. The 75% of admitted students who submitted SAT scores received a composite score at or above 1140, while 75% of admitted students who submitted ACT scores received a composite score at or above 25. SAT Subject Tests are not required for admissions to Texas A&M, but can be used as placement exams. SAT and ACT writing sections are only considered as a method for validating college application essays. In addition to test scores, Texas A&M ranks the following factors as very important in their admissions process: 60% of students accepted to Texas A&M’s class of 2022 were ranked in the top 10% of their high school classes. 88% were ranked in the top 25%. Applicants to Texas A&M should take the most challenging course load that they’re capable of doing well in during high school and should aim to participate in 2-4 extracurriculars with increasing levels of commitment and leadership throughout your high school career. Texas A&M also evaluates applicants based on their volunteer work, work experience, status as a first generation college student, state residency, and application essay . While some of these factors are out of your control, you certainly can work to build a strong applicant profile in other ways.   Try to stick with your work or service work for a prolonged time. If possible, choose work or volunteer opportunities that are related to issues of personal importance or to possible career goals. Texas A&M likes to see students who are committed and grow in leadership within their communities. Of the admissions criteria ranked very important by the admissions committee, three are linked to your academic achievements. By taking challenging classes, achieving a high GPA, and attaining a solid ranking in your graduating class, you can prove to Texas A&M that you’re ready for the rigor of college academics. Your essay should be free of all grammatical, organizational, and other errors, and do a good job of representing who you are as a student, as a person, and as a member of your community. Texas A&M carefully reviews every admissions essay and weighs each in the application process. If you need help with your essay at any point, from choosing a topic to fine-tuning its organization or polishing it grammatically, don’t hesitate to contact ’s Personal Essay Specialists , who can help at any point along the way. Not everyone can get into Texas A&M. Though it can be hard to pinpoint any single reason for your rejection, ultimately it doesn’t matter exactly why you were rejected so much as what you do with your future from here. While many students might want to appeal their admissions decision or choose a second-rate college from which they can quickly apply to transfer to Texas A&M, neither of these options is your best bet. Instead, you are better off choosing a second choice school that is still a college you’d be happy to attend, with academic resources that would enrich your experience. Attending another school where you can succeed is always a great choice, and if, further down the line, you choose to transfer elsewhere, at least you have made good use of your time there. Texas A&M does accept transfer students, and their rate of acceptance is very similar to the regular admissions acceptance rate, as is the application process. You can learn more about the transfer application process on Texas A&M’s page Transfer: How to Apply .   Ã‚   For more help applying to Texas A&M or other schools on your college list, consider enlisting the help of ’s Applications Guidance service. Here, you will be paired with a personal admissions specialist from a top a college who can provide step-by-step guidance through the entire application process.

Tesco's failure in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Tesco's failure in America - Essay Example Reasons for the Failure Market Positioning Positioning may be defined as the process of creating an image in the minds of the target market for the brand (Ferrell, O. et al., 2000). This positioning can be functional, symbolic or experiential. Functional positioning tries to solve problems and provides benefits to the customers (e.g. - Wall mart’s everyday low prices); symbolic positioning creates affective fulfilment (e.g. - Apple’s products give an ego boost to owners) and experiential positioning provides both rational and emotional fulfilment (Lao, 2013). TESCO entered USA through Fast and Easy (F&E) stores. The F&E stores were positioned between the discount supermarkets and the upscale organic stores. F&E stores were labelled as stores which will provide ‘healthy’ food at low prices. Thus TESCO tried to position itself between Wal-Mart and Trader Joe’s (Sonne & Evans, 2012). The positioning of F&E was neither functional nor symbolic. Wal-Mart succeeds due to its promise of everyday low prices whereas Trader Joe’s provides snob value to the rich and entices them to be different and buy organic food. Trader Joe is clearly positioning it’s product for the rich and Wal-Mart for the mass market. TESCO’s positioning was not enticing to either of the 2 segments. There was no market which wanted health organic food products at low prices in USA. Only 3 % of American population follows the healthy lifestyle unlike in UK and Europe where this trend is the norm (Sonne & Evans, 2012). ... Trader Joe is clearly positioning it’s product for the rich and Wal-Mart for the mass market. TESCO’s positioning was not enticing to either of the 2 segments. There was no market which wanted health organic food products at low prices in USA. Only 3 % of American population follows the healthy lifestyle unlike in UK and Europe where this trend is the norm (Sonne & Evans, 2012). Thus positioning itself as a store with a healthy image in a nation which loves fast food and soda was the biggest mistake committed by TESCO. This was one of the main reasons for their failure in USA. Customer Relationship TESCO had a troubled relationship with USA customers. This was because it ignored the cultural differences between USA and UK.TESCO looked more like a coloniser who stuck on to its customs and culture rather than adopt the culture of the new country. Some of the mistakes leading to a troubled customer relationship were – Low Brand Recognition USA unlike Europe is obses sed with brands. Americans are willing to spend more money if they consider the brand good and worthwhile (Piercy, 2012). Fresh & Easy was an unknown brand to them. The name TESCO was not associated with F&E stores in any way. TESCO focused its money and resources in opening more stores rather than advertisements on brand building. The Fresh & Easy stores were also highly dependent on private labels in a market which likes to see and buy branded products. This was a big mistake in a country which likes to buy branded products. Lack of Service In order to keep the costs low, F&E stores had adopted the self check out system. The staffs in F & E stores were also kept

Planning and conducting workshops Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Planning and conducting workshops - Essay Example arents with bruising that did not seem to staff to be the "usual scrapes and hurts" that children usually expose themselves too and a few of the children who used to be very happy, seem very sad. The parents explanations were suspect and some of the staff is wondering whether these children are being abused in some way. The staff is not trained in diagnosing child abuse and the CEO feels that it is important for them to understand the warning signs and what to do when they see something that looks suspicious. The CEO does not want to put the staff or the families into a panic, but they want to make sure that the children and families receive help where necessary. I first passed out questionnaires to the staff to find out the level of knowledge they had currently. I wanted to understand any myths they had about it and I needed to determine what type of training was needed to fit their needs. I also held individual and group interviews with the permission of the CEO. This allowed me to assess what each individual was hoping to learn from the training and how it would best fit into this particular environment. I gathered all this information together and it was clear that the staff needed a basic understanding of how to identify the signs of child abuse and what to do about it. All of the interviews a nd questionnaires basically came to this conclusion. I suggested to the CEO that we create a workshop that provides this information in an interactive format. We will create handouts hat explain the basic information and then use case studies created from actual situations the staff has seen that we will discuss during the workshop. The target market for this workshop is the staff and volunteers for XYZ Company. The staff and volunteers create a diverse group in ethnicity, gender and age. The target group is between ages of 27 and 65. They are primarily Caucasian and Hispanic, with a few Asian and African Americans on staff. Through the interviews I was able to get an

Obesity in American Children Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Obesity in American Children - Research Paper Example 1140). Available evidence in indicates that statistics of childhood and teenage-hood obesity have more than tripled since 1980 and the prevalence does not appear to be showing any significant downward momentum (Wojcicki and Heyman 1457). Almost a third of 2 year-old children are currently overweight or obese with an increased likelihood exposure to cardiovascular disease and diabetes, of hospitalization and a subsequent diagnosis with a mental, bone and joint disorders than non-obese children (Thompson and Wolf 189). Worse still, the causative effects of obesity not only harms millions of Americans healthwise, but concurrently bulges out annual health care costs with little results—more than one quarter of America’s health care budget is devoted to obesity related health issues (Finkelstein and Fiebelkorn 223). The above notwithstanding, the problem stands with worse consequences for a society regarded as a front-runner in nearly every sphere of influence, technology in clusive; overweight children adolescents graduate to adulthood with all the health complications that accompany obesity. What is this obesity anyway? Are there chances of saving a generation whose lives apparently hangs on the pendulum? This paper investigates the impact that obesity on American Children—a disease now considered of epidemic proportions, with regard to its prevalence rates, the contributing factors, the health complications and the possible routes for preventive measures. Across section of epidemiological studies define obesity based on body mass index (BMI). It thus refers to a chronic, complex condition characterized by an excess amount body fat/adipose tissue relative to lean body mass with a resultant effect of â€Å"caloric imbalance†Ã¢â‚¬â€too little calories used in relation to the amount consumed (Daniels, et al 1999). Noteworthy, the amount of body fat consumed and those for subsequent usage are affected by various genetic makeup, behavioral i nteractions as well as environmental factors. More generally, while the causes of obesity may genetically linked, many of them the causes are behaviorally and environmentally conditioned and are remediable with correct child upbringing. The World Health Organization (W.H.O.), The Centers for Disease Control (CDC, Surgeon General, The National Institute of Health (N.I.H.) among other healthcare monitoring organizations, all now recognizes obesity as a major health issue that is in its prime levels of concern in the United States. Even though statistical increases in obesity have been somewhat similar in the industrialized world, the United States’ levels ranks among the highest the world over. The country has witnessed the estimates steadily increase from 13 percentage points in 1962 towards 19.4, 24.5, 26.6, 33.8 percentage points in 1997, 2004, 2007 and 2008 respectively (National Center for Health Statistics par 11-14). Overall, the prevalence has increased by a whopping 33 percent in the last decade alone with an ever burgeoning research evidence indicative of a direct relation between an increased in the mortality rate and the exacerbative effects of obesity (Fontaine, et al. 190). As insinuated above, the root cause of obesity can be tracked to

Synthesis of Soap Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Synthesis of Soap - Lab Report Example Formation of soap as a solid precipitate was observed. With time the obtained product turned gelatinous which was separated from extra liquid using filtration on a Buchner funnel. The described operation afforded soap as a colorless gelatinous solid. Because the obtained soap is a potassium salt it is expected that it will be a viscous liquid. Knowing the exact composition of the used grease it could have been possible to determine the theoretical quantity of the product. But, it is expected to be around 16 g. Regarding IR spectrum of the studied compound signals in the regions 1000-1500 cm-1, 1500-2000 cm-1 corresponding to C-O and C=O vibrations respectively. The rest should be in the â€Å"fingerprint’ region. To conclude with, up until now saponification is the most widely used method of soup production. Industry takes advantage of the same reaction but conducts it in larger scale. Glycerol by-product found its applications in food industry, pharmaceuticals and

Unit 23 Human Resources Development - Level 5 Human Resources Essay

Unit 23 Human Resources Development - Level 5 Human Resources Development - Essay Example 5). Activist includes learners who will try everything once - these learners are flexible as well as keen regarding latest things, and get involved with others with no trouble. Reflectors are those learners who examine and analyze all accessible information prior to taking any action - they think before arriving to any conclusion. According to Theorist style, a few individuals are learning by principles and models - they adopt methodical and rational approach towards problems. Pragmatist style includes individuals who make sensible decisions. Similarly, in Kolb’s learning model there are four key stages - â€Å"concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization and active experimentation† (Edwards et al, 2013, p. 8). According to Kolb, individuals are capable of thinking in a different manner and have different point of view, they utilize information as well as imagination to tackle problems. On the other hand, the Myers-Briggs model categorizes learners in accordance with their inclinations towards scales developed from â€Å"Carl Jungs theory of psychological forms† (Lloyd, 2012, p. 29). This model has four different sets of contradictory inclinations and it says that in every pair, learners are likely to favour one side over the other, and they are likely to utilize that side for the most part, because it comes very easily to them. The learning curve is an investigative tool that can be employed to assess the pace on which cumulative knowledge let employees to carry out tasks quicker as well as with a reduced amount of cost. Learning curve models are a key technique to get an estimate about the required time for starting future tasks. Transfer of learning to workplace is important because there is recognition that transfer is a central notion in learning and connects with both process as well as the end result. Whenever learning takes place, earlier learning is utilized as a foundation stone (Laprà © & Nembhard, 2011,

Strategic Marketing Plan for Yeo Hiap Seng Ltd Case Study

Strategic Marketing Plan for Yeo Hiap Seng Ltd - Case Study Example The strategic business unit is generally concerned with the development of market opportunities, products and services, competitive strategy, resource allocation, control and structure within the SBU. The SBU has to fit strategically into the corporate structure in that it leads to better management of the entire organization because of the aspect of decentralization. This is so because a SBU is autonomous as it is in charge of its own decision making processes, budgeting and pricing. Yeo Hiap Seng Limited Company has adapted this approach with its soft drinks segment. This paper demonstrated how the company has succeeded in fitting the soft drinks SBU into the corporate structure. The Group's principal activities are the manufacturing, sale, distribution and export of beverages, sauces and canned food, instant noodles, condensed milk and non-alcoholic beverages (Company Profile Snapshot, 2008). Soft drinks industry in Singapore like in other countries and industries has witnessed changes over the past few years. Several factors have had an impact on the state and proceedings of the soft drinks industry. It is important to note that the effects have been both positive and negative. The former is of more concern since it gives an insight into the factors that have played to get the industry to its current state. ItIt was observed that the healthy drinks play an important role. Growing health awareness encouraged by public health bodies was one of the key trends influencing the soft drinks industry in Singapore and which drove ever stronger demand for healthier beverages (Euromonitor International, 2008). Due to this, growth of the soft drinks industry continued, this was as a result of the fact that these drinks are found to be healthier than the other much sugary drinks. The health issues that surround these drinks and the education factors make the soft drinks more marketable than other drinks. The ranges in carbonates that give variations serve to catapult soft drinks even more. With several options in carbon ranges, the consumers are able to make a selection in a set of carbonate variations; this serves to increase the market. Naturally healthier drinks have a concept of novelty. It is important that the consumers appreciate some drinks due to content. This is a factor that serves to push the consumptions levels of some specific soft drinks up and generally get the market share of the soft drinks increased. The health of the consumers as a requirement will continue to push the market of soft drinks high. Consumers want to be well and given the health training that is always going on, they will continue to require the drinks that will maintain or guarantee good health for them. The Government of Singapore has been instrumental in determining the state of the soft drinks industry. The Government's scheme to promote reduced or sugar free soft drinks have been a driving factor in the growth of the soft drinks industry in Singapore. There has been realignment of distribution for different soft drink brands due to competition among the market players. Different companies have had to change the product lines due to competition thereby altering the market equation. Education of the Singaporeans on the health issues for instance sugar consumption

Registered Nurses Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Registered Nurses - Research Paper Example More than 60 percent of their jobs are in hospital set-ups. Their scope of work depends from country to country and state to state and is guided by various Nurse Practice Acts. The 3 most important paths of education to becoming registered nurses are, In this essay, the role and scope of practice of diploma from any approved nursing programs, associate degree and bachelors degree. following these degrees, the job opportunities for registered nurses is excellent, but is dependent on the nature of employment setting and geographic setting (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2010). The main role of registered nurses in any work setting regardless of the speciality they are employed in is to "treat patients, educate patients and the public about various medical conditions, and provide advice and emotional support to patients family members† (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2010). The registered nurses record the medical histories and clinical presentation of the patients, help in the performance of diagnostic tests as advised by the physicians, analyze the results of the diagnostic tests, operate medical and surgical machinery, administer various medications to the patients as instructed by physicians and help the patient with follow-up and rehabilitation. The registered nurses have a very important role to play in the education of the patients, their family members and public. They educate about the management of injuries and illnesses, explain about various home-are needs in the post-treatment phase, advise about, nutrition, diet and exercise and provide in formation on self-medication and physiotherapy (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2010). In some conditions, the registered nurses also work in collaboration with other health professionals to educate the public about various warning sings and symptoms of particular disease, like, for example, swine flu. In the process of caring for patients, registered nurses contribute to

Factors affecting the activity of enzymes Essay Example for Free

Factors affecting the activity of enzymes Essay Factors affecting the activity of enzymes Aim: to investigate the factors affecting the activity of enzymes. Factors: The factors that could possibly affect the activity of enzymes are: Temperature: rate of reaction increases as temperature increases. Concentration of enzyme: rate of reaction increases as concentration of enzyme increases. pH: extremes of pH denature enzymes. Surface area: rate of reaction increases as surface area increases. Inhibitors: if there are any impurities, then they will restrict the rate of the reaction. Key Factor: I will be using temperature as a variable, and keeping all other factors constant. Therefore, testing temperature as the key factor. Prediction: I believe, that as the temperature of the starch and amylase increases, as will the rate of the reaction. However, once the optimum temperature is reached, the amylase will stop working. Hypothesis: The reason I believe that as the temperature of the starch and amylase increases, as will the rate of the reaction, is because of the collision theory. The collision theory tells us, that the more the solution is heated, the more the particles inside vibrate. Therefore, if the different particles are vibrating a lot more, it means that they will collide a lot more, and so the reaction will occur a lot faster. So in the case of the experiment we will be doing; the higher the temperature of the starch and amylase, the more these particles will vibrate and collide, and so the faster the amylase will be broken down. I also believe, that once an optimum temperature is reached, the amylase will stop working. This is because, above a certain temperature, enzymes, being proteins are denatured (change shape), and so can no longer combine with the substances. Fair Test: In order to make this a fair test, the following things must be taken into account: Ensure that the volumes of amylase and starch are constant. Ensure that the pH levels of the starch and amylase are the same. Ensure that all the apparatus are totally clean, i. e. have no impurities. Ensure that the temperature of the solutions remain the same as planned. Ensure that the temperatures of the water baths and ice bath are kept as constant as possible. Ensure that the starch and amylase solution is kept in the water bath in between each 30-second gap, so as to ensure a constant temperature throughout. Method: Two test-tubes, one filled with 5mg of starch suspension, and one filled with 5mg of amylase solution, are both put into a tub of ice. Whilst these are left inside the tub to cool down, droplets of iodine solution are put in each cavity of the spotting tray. Once the temperatures of the starch and amylase solution have become constant, then they are mixed together, and a droplet of this solution is then added to the first cavity of iodine. The test-tube is then put back in the ice tub, and then every 30 seconds, another droplet of the solution is added to a different cavity of iodine, until the purple colour that should appear, has disappeared. The time taken for the purple colour to disappear, is then recorded. When the purple colour disappears, it means that the amylase has totally broken down the starch. The same process is then repeated, but in water baths, with temperatures of 30? C, 50? C, and one is also done in room temperature. Everything is then repeated once more, and the average times for each temperature are calculated. Diagram: Apparatus: The following apparatus will be used in the experiment: 3 water baths tub pipette 2 syringes 2 beakers 2 test-tubes spotting tray thermometer test-tube holder Results: Temperature (i C) 0i C 20i C 30i C 50i C Time Attempt 1 450secs 270secs 180secs 210secs taken for Attempt 2 480secs 300secs 180secs 210secs starch to Average 465secs 285secs 180secs 210secs disappear 1/T 1/465secs 1/285secs 1/180secs 1/210secs Graph: Conclusion: To a certain extent my hypothesis was correct, but there still were some unforeseen results. For example, I mentioned in my hypothesis that as the temperature of the starch and amylase increases, as will the rate of the reaction. As the graph shows, the rate of reaction did increase as the temperature increased, but only to a point; after 30? C, the rate of reaction began to decrease. However, in my hypothesis, I mentioned that once a high enough temperature is reached, the amylase would stop working. This of course was incorrect, because once it reached 30? C, the amylase did not stop working, it just became less efficient. One thing I noticed whilst looking at the results table, was that as the temperature increased by 10? C, the rate of reaction doubled. This would explain why the graph increases steadily at the beginning, and then starts to steeply increase. Errors and Improvements: Some of the results may have been inaccurate, due to the 30-second range in between each time another droplet is added to a cavity of iodine. This could have been improved upon, by making it only a 5-second range for example, because the exact time when the starch disappears would be closer to the time recorded than with a 30-second range. An example as to why a couple of the results may not have been proportional, is when the starch and amylase were put in the ice tub. It is very unlikely that the solutions would have reached 0? C and remained constant. This could have been improved upon, by putting the solutions in a freezer instead, because it would keep to the same temperature throughout. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Patterns of Behaviour section.

Relationships between men and women Essay Example for Free

Relationships between men and women Essay It is a fact that household chores have always and still are mainly the womens job in the family. Washing and ironing are definitely thought of as more of womens role because only 18% of couples share this task equally. Men take more of a part in preparing dinner now with 35% claiming it is done equally but still 32% of couples still think it is the woman more. The most even chores among partners is looking after sick family members (45%) and food shopping (52%). 49% of men still do most of the repairs around the house. Relationships have changed and have become a lot more equal between men and women have become a lot more equal than the traditional patriarchal relationship. Men and women are sometimes thought to have very different roles around the house. For example because women are supposed to have a nurturing and kind personality it is thought that they should look after the children, but the man is thought to have a more practical mind and strong so he does DIY and is the main breadwinner. These are called segregated roles. Role conflict is when two or more of a person roles collide to make it impossible to fulfil them properly. For example, a woman could have three separate roles at one time as a mother, a friend and an employee. If she has to spend extra time at work and then has to look after a friend who is upset she may find it hard to find enough time for her family. When men and women stick to their gender segregated roles but make sure they both contribute equally, it is called joint conjugal roles. Young and Wilmott (1973) suggested that the main family form in Britain was the symmetrical family. This is a family that works on joint conjual roles. Their relationship was more democratic or equal Compared with past gender roles decision making and leisure activities were shared more. The family would become a lot more home centred as the men helped out more. This gave them things in common, which caused relationships between spouses to be warmer and more caring. Feminists do not agree with this symmetrical family theory. Feminists claim that it is not truly symmetrical because even if a man helps more, it is still only help and the main responsibility is still the womans. They also think that men will pick and choose their jobs and leave the women with the worst ones. Oakly (1974) is critical of this theory and does not think that the evidence is convincing. A husband that washes up at least once a week is regarded as helpful in the home to Young and Wilmott. She also argues that men that iron a piece of their own clothing, they are a good husband. Oakly thinks that there is no evidence of symmetry in the home even if the woman is employed she still does more housework. Jan Pahl (1989), in her study of money and power in marriages argues that they are still patriarchal. She found that men are more likely to make most decisions when she interviewed 120 married couples in Kent. Although she found that they share more decisions on what to spend the household income on compared to 30 years ago but however she points out that the man is still in charge of the finances and the wifes access to money. This could sometimes leave women and children living in poverty even when the man has a good income. There are a number of factors that have contributed to equality between the sexes including changes to laws such as the sex discrimination act and equal pay rights. These laws ensure equality in the workplace, which changes the way people think and makes women believe that they deserve the same rights at home. Now girls are getting the same standard of education as boys and the same opportunities which means that women are getting good careers that are equal to mens. Also thins like media with soaps and celebrities promoting equality in the home and cost of living makes both partners work contributes to the changing attitudes. Another way of measuring equality instead of domestic labour is through things like decision-making, finance and power in the home.

Bertoly Brechts Mother Courage Drama Essay

Bertoly Brechts Mother Courage Drama Essay Bertolt Brechts view on the function of theatre was that it should provoke its audience to change. The epic theatre, Karl Marx and German directors Max Reinhardt and Erwin Piscator were all inspiration for Brechts theory on the social function of theatre. ( 2004: 709) Brechts essays Theatre for Pleasure or Theatre for Instruction and The Modern Theatre is the Epic Theatre clearly outline his understanding of what epic theatre is and how it should be used in practice. In both essays, Brecht explains what makes the epic theatre different from modern and dramatic theatre and discusses the techniques available with epic theatre and the effects they can have on the audience. When comparing his play Mother Courage and Her Children to the two essays, it is clear that Brecht has used the essays almost as guidelines to write the play and put his theories on epic theatre into practice. Mother Courage and Her Children is an extremely typical Brechtian play as it contains all the elements that Brecht wanted to include in his plays in order to present his new form of theatre which he believed had a greater social function. One of the most obvious examples of Brechts essays being put into practice in Mother Courage and Her Children is Brechts use of narrative instead of the plot. Each scene begins with a narrative description of what will happen in that scene, and the play itself starts with a prologue which introduces the central character (Mother Courage) and reveals what the play is about. Despite the fact that there is a storyline running through the play, the narrative style ties in with Brechts aim of not giving the audience the chance to become emotionally attached to the characters. The way in which the play jumps with each scene keeps the storyline general and tied more to the greater social events running throughout the play rather than single, individual events in a particular scene. Having spent much of his life in Germany and experiencing two world wars, it should come as no surprise that many of Brechts plays, including Mother Courage and Her Children, feature war as the overriding theme of the play. Brecht believed that war was a continuation of business by other means. Brechts theory on theatre meant that he did not want his audience to emotionally empathise with the characters on stage. In fact, Brecht deliberately created characters which would be subject to criticism from the audience. In order to invite this active rather than passive response from the audience, to provoke a reaction, Brecht instils traits in his characters which tend to make the audience not identify with them, but criticise them. Mother Courage is portrayed as a strong, witty, formidable woman whose sole purpose is to provide a living for both herself and her children. She is a sacrificial character and her love for her children draws an audience to like her. What prevents the audience from empathising with her is her extremely contradictory nature. Whilst pulling out a knife at the Sergeant and Recruiting Officer to protect her children, Courage calls refers to herself and her children as peaceable sorts. The Sergeants cool reply of your knife shows the sort you are further displays Courages contradictions. (Brecht 2004: 715) When sending her daughter Kattrin into town with the Clerk, Courage tells her not to worry and that nothing will happen, but upon Kattrins return where she is wounded, Courage claims she should never have let her go. When arguing with the Cook over a possible move to Utrecht, Courage tries to end the conversation with thats enough, only to continue it herself moments later. In the same scene, Courage encourages Kattrin for the two to go with the Cook to run his pub in Utrecht because life on the road is no sort of life, but after she sees Kattrin trying to run away she quickly turns on the Cook and questions what she and Kattrin would ever do in a pub. Of course the greatest contradiction of all throughout the play is Courages constant criticism of the war off of which she makes her living. It is this contradictory nature of Courages which constantly reminds the audience to view the character from a distance, analyse her so to spe ak, and not empathise with her situation. Had Mother Courage been presented as a fully-rounded character, the audience would have been tempted to empathise; but her presentation as a paradoxical character helps to jolt the audience into some kind of reaction. (Leach 1994: 136) Mother Courage is not the only character in the play that is given a specific trait to keep the audience empathising and becoming emotionally involved with her. Her sons Eilif and Swiss Cheese are both killed in the play, and it is because of their flaws that they are killed. Her eldest son, Eilif, is strong and intelligent, but his boldness costs him his life. Her younger son, Swiss Cheese, is simple and honest, but he too is led to his death because of his stupidity. The audience are constantly reminded throughout the play by Mother Courage that her children have these traits. I have another who is foolish but honest is just one example of Brecht giving Mother Courage a specific line for two reasons: both to remind the audience of the paradoxes each character possesses, to stop them from being empathised with, and to support the epic idea of the play that each scene should be its own. It is frequently seen in Brechts plays for an off-stage characters absence to be explained throu gh an on-stage characters dialogue. (ref) Robert Leach argues that for Brecht, character is only of interest in so far as it illuminates the fleeting event which provides the writer, or the actor, with a usable gesture. What Leach is saying is that for Brecht, the character is only a function to the greater social and economical forces which control and shape the world (within the constructed reality that are his plays), and that the actors, whilst portraying characters, can use them as tools to show the effect of these greater social implications. This can be linked to Brechts observation in the essay Theatre for Pleasure or Theatre for Instruction that actors too refrained from going over wholly into their role in the sense that not only did actors do so to invite criticism from the audience of their characters, not only to draw attention away from the individual and place it on the social, but to also show that the characters are simply functional to the social. Another one of Brechts main aims was to not focus on the individual emotions of the character, but to explore and show the importance of the greater social implications. In Mother Courage and Her Children, emphasis is not put on the decisions the characters make but the social events which dictate the action of the play. War, religion and family are three main themes which run through Mother Courage and Her Children, and ultimately the fate of each character is determined by these themes. Unlike naturalistic plays where emphasis is usually placed on the individual, in Mother Courage and Her Children Brecht focuses on the relationship between the social implications and the characters of the play. All of the characters in the play are linked together by these themes, and their inability to change their individual (or in the case of Courage and her children, combined) situations. (Examples) Brecht has created Mother Courage as the central character of the play, but because it is not on ly her, but all the characters that are affected by the war, the spectators focus is neither on the central character Mother Courage nor any of the character. The spectators focus is drawn, by linking the characters and making them unable to change their situations, to the superseding social themes presented in the play. Brecht liked the notion that epic theatre allowed for jumps in time, and this is reflected in Mother Courage and Her Children. There is a jump in time between each scene of the play, usually a year or two, and the constant curves and jumps in the play the dialectic approach allow for Brecht to show a process and effects over time rather than one particular point of time and its individual effect on characters. (Brooker 1994: 189) These jumps in time also allow the play to be epic in the sense that they allow each scene to stand independently. The jumps in time also go hand-in-hand with Brechts idea that with epic theatre, the audience should be looking with eyes on the course rather than eyes on the finish. Swiss Cheeses death and Mother Courages refusal to admit the body is his is one of the most intense moments of the entire play, but it comes as early as Scene Three. Also, the jumps in time show man as a process rather than man as a fixed point. Rather than focusing on the centr al character (Mother Courage) at one particular point, Brecht draws out the play so that the audience view Courages process and development as a character subject to the social and political circumstances. The end of the play sees Mother Courage, now completely alone; walk with soldiers who are singing the same song that is sung in the prologue, reminding the audience of the process that has begun from the very beginning of the play and the effect it has had throughout. The jumps in time between each scene of Mother Courage and Her Children are typical of Brechts aim to get the audience to look at the events that have taken place from a more general period of time rather than a specific point. One of the key parts of Brechts theory on theatre was that the audience should constantly know that what they are watching is not reality but a construction being presented on stage. By doing so, Brecht could show to his audience that what they were watching was not reality but a presented image of reality, and that could inspire change. To this end Brecht used several techniques in many of his plays (including Mother Courage and Her Children) which allowed him to reveal that the play was indeed a construction. A typical Brechtian technique used in the play is the use of stage directions at the start of each scene, which then reveal what is going to happen in that scene. By using these stage directions (either spoken aloud or displayed with placards on stage) Brecht is able to both remind his audience that what they are watching is a construction. Also, by telling the audience what will happen before it happens, Brecht can eliminate the shock factor, thus keeping the audience away fr om having an experience and focused on learning from the action on stage. Openly revealing that the play is not real allows Brecht to prevent any sense of emotional attachment to the piece. This can be linked to Brechts essay The Modern Theatre is The Epic Theatre where he says: †¦once illusion is sacrificed to free discussion, and once the spectator, instead of being enabled to have an experience, is forced as it were to cast his vote; then a change has been launched which goes far beyond formal matters and begins for the first time to affect the theatres social function. Brecht states in his essay The Modern Theatre is Epic Theatre that words, music and setting must become more independent of one another. (reference) This statement is echoed in Mother Courage and Her Children as Brecht uses not only dialogue and stage directions but songs and music in the play, and makes sure that the songs used are seen on an equal level to the other elements such as words. In fact, Scene Ten of the play is constructed entirely of only a few stage directions and song. By giving the songs such importance in the play, on the same level as stage directions and dialogue, Brecht implements his idea into practice, showing that he has used his two essays almost as guidelines for writing Mother Courage and Her Children. Songs are also used in the play to fit in with Brechts theory that plays should not be presented to the audience as reality, but as a construction. The direct delivery of a song from a character to the audience, thus breaking the fourth wall, is one of the w ays in which the audience is reminded that they are indeed watching a play. The songs also tend to reflect the social and political themes of the play and inspire the audience to think about what they are watching. Looking at Theatre for Pleasure or Theatre for Instruction and The Modern Theatre is the Epic Theatre in comparison with Mother Courage and Her Children, it is clear to see that the play falls into all of the categories that Brecht lists in his two essays for his theory on the function of theatre. Throughout the play the focus is taken away from the characters individual emotions and drawn to the greater social and political forces which affect the characters. The play is used as a discussion forum of sorts for some of the common Brechtian themes such as war, religion and family. The use of non-naturalist techniques such as placards and songs helps to break the illusion that the audience creates and prevents them from developing empathy for and emotional attachment to the characters. The jumps in time between each scene of the play keep the audiences focus on the process over time and not at a fixed point. Mother Courage and Her Children is without question of Brechts most typical pl ays and it is clear to see his essays Theatre for Pleasure or Theatre for Instruction and The Modern Theatre is the Epic Theatre have been put into practice to create the play and inspire the audience to change, rather than experience.

Human Interactions with Nature in the Rocky Mountain States :: Native Americans Wilderness Papers

Human Interactions with Nature in the Rocky Mountain States Human interaction with the Rocky Mountain States has shifted tremendously since the beginning of recorded history. These changes can be broken down into three phases. The first phase would be the communal posture held by Native Americans. This period of time ran from the Spanish colonization in the 16th century until the era of the mountain man. With the establishment of the United States a new period of exploration for exploitation began. A dramatic shift in human interaction occurred as the economic interests of the mountain men and the United States overrode the communal interests of the Native Americans, indeed, it began to envelop them. The era of exploitation would flourish until the Progressive Movement. The first generation of leaders to see the footprint left by the over-harvest of natural resources would start the shift in policy to one of sustainability. This shift has continued at different rates of change all the way through the modern era. The Native American tribes of the American Rocky Mountain States were long characterized as being homogenous with little difference between them. In reality they are as diverse as European states, but like Europeans the religions that shaped their actions held a common theme. â€Å"[A]ll their religions had important characteristics in common†¦ the Indian visionaries felt the universe about them and dedicated themselves to keeping man’s world in balance with the cosmos... All of them sought to communicate with the powers of nature.† (Hurdy 14) The words of Hopi chiefs and elders, declared in 1951, are true for all tribes: â€Å"Our land, our religion, and our life are one.† (Martin 15) This communal living was sustainable and based upon the indigenous plants and animals, especially the bison herds which spread across the prairie like waves on an ocean. â€Å"Oglala Sioux spiritual leader Black Elk†¦ recalled that his people ‘were happy in [their] own country, and were seldom hungry, for then the two-leggeds and the four-leggeds lived together like relatives, and there was plenty for them and for us.† (Spence 3) Native Americans saw a special sanctity in taking anything from the earth. The Hopi Indians, for example â€Å"express[ed] regret to the hunted animal that they must take its life to sustain their own with the substance of its flesh.† (Hurdy 19) Ruth Underhill writes that the Naskapi saw â€Å"Hunting [as] a holy occupation†¦ [but] so was the gathering of plants, the cutting of trees, even the digging of clay.

Pledge of Allegiance: A Perfect Symbol of Hypocrisy Essay -- American

Every morning over 75 million students around the nation recite the Pledge of Allegiance verbatim (Digest of Education Statistics). If one walks up to one of these students and asks them about the meaning and the origin of this pledge, what would they say? Nothing. However, even though more than a million students recite these words every day, not more than half probably know the true meaning behind these words. One cannot deny the fact that most of these children just want to get this pledge â€Å"over with† to continue talking to their peers. The Pledge of Allegiance has gone through several changes since Francis Bellamy, a Baptist minister, wrote it in 1892. The pledge acts as a source of patriotism, national pride and controversy. The statement, â€Å"under God† has caused much controversy and has created a distinct line between the supporters and non supporters of the pledge. America, which famously provides one with true equality, ironically has a pledge that goes against its doctrine and foundations. The changes that occur throughout the years to the pledge that results in its undeniable controversy and losing value. The adjustments lead to the pledge’s undeniable ambiguity and the nation should revert to its previous 1924 pledge. Every day, while facing the flag, American students exhibit their loyalty to the country by reciting the Pledge of Allegiance. Written in 1892, during the 400th celebration of Columbus Day, the pledge used in â€Å"ceremonies that would culminate in raising of the flag† (Pledge of Allegiance). The creation of the pledge resulted from one sole event, the Civil War. Before the American Civil War of 1861, the American flag used to be a rare sight for many people. The Civil War resulted in the rise of patriotism an... ...ual. Baer, John. The Pledge of Allegiance, A Centennial History, 1892 - 1992, Annapolis, Md. Free State Press, Inc., 1992. "The Pledge of Allegiance." The Pledge of Allegiance. Aug. 17 2006: n.p. SIRS Government Reporter. Web. 02 Apr 2012. Demar, Gary. "The Pledge of Allegiance Goes to Trial." American Vision. N.p., 04/10/2005. Web. 27 March 2012. Nunberg, Geoffrey. "I Pledge Allegiance To Linguistic Obfuscation." npr.org. npr, 30/03/2010. Web. 1 Apr 2012. United States. U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs. Pledge of Allegiance. VA: , Web. Kline, Austin, â€Å"Defending ‘under God’ in the Pledge of Allegiance,† posted on the â€Å"About† website, March 30th, 2004, Drey, Riley. "Misguided Patriotism and the Pledge of Allegiance." LDS Liberty. Riley Drey, 24/11/2010. Web. 24 March 2012. Nunberg, Geoffrey. E-mail Interview. 3/4/2012.

Essay --

Summary RDA is a new content standard for resource description and access designed for the digital world. RDA supersedes AACR2; it builds on what was good in AACR2 and takes different approach to resource description. It focuses on user and the information they need. The guidelines are based on principles that guide not rule that constrict. When look at these principles, starting with â€Å"Convenience of the user,† it is clear that used terminology should be easy for users to understand. RDA provides more flexible framework to address the challenges of describing digital resources data that is compatible with existing records already in online library catalogs because of RDA’s foundations in the principles set by AACR. RDA is designed as an online product for use in a Web environment. It is based on Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records and related new data models Instructions for recording data presented independently of guidelines for data display to provide mor e flexibility for records used in a variety of online environments. More â€Å"user-friendly" layout and formatting, with instructions written in â€Å"plain† English so that the code can be used more easily beyond the library world. It is important that information we provide to be bibliographically significant to the needs of our users. To standardize descriptions and the constructions of access points as much as possible. Such consistency increases the ability to push bibliographic and authority data worldwide. The International Cataloguing Principles expand beyond just author and title access to declare that we want to find resources by subject and even want to enable limiting a search or filtering a search by other criteria like language, country, date of publicati... ...the descriptive rules, some punctuation rules from ISBD, new 3xx MaRC codes, and the general concept of recording relationships. While the Scholastic library staff is far too small to allow drawing any concrete conclusions, the fact that the intern catalogers often produced RDA-compliant cataloging without ever reading an RDA rule is surely a hopeful sign that training new catalogers to use the new code will be relatively easy. If the basics of description, some punctuation, and the general idea of specifying relationships are likely to be understood immediately and done correctly with little more than a cursory introduction, training and teaching will be able to concentrate on those aspects of RDA that are more difficult to grasp. In addition, supervisors and teachers will be able to put increased emphasis on the important question of why the code is the way it is.

Arguments Against Slavery in the British Caribbean Essay

As a newspaper reporter in 1825, write an article presenting arguments AGAINST slavery in the British Caribbean under the following headings: i) Economic ii) Religiousiii) Humanitarian On every street corner, in every household, on every tongue and on every wall, contradictory views on the system of slavery are being disputed. The public is being bombarded by the economic, religious and humanitarian views of slavery. The pressing issue that will be highlighted in today’s article is the arguments against slavery. The economic arguments against slavery concentrate on the economic losses experienced by planters and their interests (like the West India Interest etc) from having a system of forced labour as opposed to free paid labour. It is argued that slavery is uneconomic as provisions have to be made to the control of slaves. These provisions are more expensive than the employment of free labour.Slavery is expensive when you add up the costs of buying and keeping the slaves and paying towards the forces needed to prevent revolts. The economist, Adam Smith, in his book â€Å"The Wealth of the Nation† wrote that ‘the work of free men comes cheaper in the end than performed by slaves.’ Slavery makes the slaves a reluctant labour force and so the slaves fell that their labour is useless as all the profits go to the master as the slaves are not allowed to own anything, not even themselves.The investments in slaves are now being wasted as they are dying in large numbers from measles, yaws, dysentery and other diseases. Also slavery is allowing the countries in the British Caribbean, example Jamaica, to become monocultural which is dangerous to our economy; as most of the income comes from there. It can be said that the most important point that can be argued is that British industrial development would be stimulated by free trade as the merchants would be able to buy cheaper goods elsewhere as there would no longer be mercantilism. Adam Smith also said in his book that ‘the laws which stood in the way of free trade were bad for the prosperity of a country as a whole.’ In addition, the religious arguments that were presented by the humanitarians were few; they were used against the enslavement of people. These arguments were from the Christian people in England. They are stressing that slavery is contrary to the will of God. Also, it is said in the bible to â€Å"love thy neighbor as thyself†; however the system of slavery engendered hate rather than role. All men are equal in the sight of God but slaves were subjugated to the will of their master. They believe it is morally wrong to be involved in slavery. The system of slavery violates the notion of justice as it is based on the exploitation of the slaves’ labor with almost total disregard for their rights. The humanitarian arguments are presented as justification for the abolition of slavery. Supporters of slavery argue that slavery is inhumane, unjust cruel, unjust and that punishment meted out to slaves is harsh and brutal. It is also argued that the system of slavery dehumanizes and humiliates slaves as it regards them as part of stock, not as human beings. It is believed that slave owners are not concerned with the wellbeing of their slaves, as food, clothing, housing and medical care are often inadequate. This is also believed to be the reason the slaves often fall prey to a number of diseases. It is also argued that slaves were not protected by the law. The colonial laws for the control of slaves are seen as repressive and do not provide security for them. The judicial system is believed to be titled against the slaves. This person appears so as some judges and magistrates are themselves slave owners, and they did not allow slaves to give evidence against a white person. Slaves also posses no legal right to own any property; they don’t have any right to their families, identify or even their names. The fact that slavery is already existent in Africa is an argument referred to many times in support of slavery, but it is often argued that the conditions of slavery in the Caribbean are far worst than the conditions of the domestic slavery practiced in Africa. Speaking of Africa, it is also believed that slavery has caused a lot of civil war within the continent. The slave trade, it is believed, had led to inter-tribal warfare in Africa, and destroyed family and political structures in its time, leaving the continent in complete devastation.

Summary of the Book of Genesis

Summary of the book of genesis In multiplication chapters 1-11, God created the introduction and totally living things in the coup permit of 7 days. He created Adam and let him reside in the garden of heaven so they may maintain it. The Garden of Eden has river that flows through it, and splits into four headstreams, Pishon, Gihon, Tigris, and Euphrates. curtly after, God created woman, whom we know as evening. The go through of man followed as Adam and even ate from the tree of the knowledge of well behaved and evil and God banished them from the Garden of Eden.Adam and even Gave birth to Abel and Cain, Cain killed his brother Abel and Lived in the prop up of Nod, East of Eden. Soon the churlren of Adam and Eve soon bore children of their own, and their childrens children had children of their own, so on and so forth. At each(prenominal) passing generation their life spans bring forth shorter. God decided to destroy all living things but allowed Noah and his family to be saved.He told them to get up and Ark and bring seven of every variety show of clean animal, 2 of every unwashed animal and seven of every human body of bird, so that their lives will be spared from the flood. The ark stop at Mt. Ararat, and they all stepped out of the ark onto modify land, and Soon after they repopulated the res publica. When the people, who all had a common language and vocabulary, started building the tower of Babel, God confused their language and circulate them all over the earth. In Genesis chapters 12-25, it now begins the allegory of Abraham.Gods call of Abram and the engagement with him in which he was promised that his descendants should acquire the land of Canaan, that they should be set a wide nation and that through them all nations of the earth would be blessed. Abrams name is changed to Abraham and Ishmael is natural to Abraham and Hagar, Sarahs handmaid. Sodom and Gomorrah was destroyed and the Lord sparing allots life. Abraham deceiv ed Abimelech concerning Sarah, his wife. And Sarah bore a child just as the Lord promised them, and they named him Isaac.God in addition tested Abrahams faith by making him offer his only countersign as a burnt pass to Him. Soon after, Sarah died and they bought the family burial ground from the Hittites, and the acceptation of Isaac and Rebekah. At the end of this section, Abrahams remainder is put down and the generations of Ishmael are minded(p). And the tarradiddle of Isaac was given and that he has twin give-and-takes, Jacob and Esau. In chapters 27-37, the story of Jacob and Esau were written. Jacob leaves home, after receiving his fathers blessing by deceit. It was on this journey that he experienced the imagery of the adder at Bethel. Jacobs family and his return from Haran to Canaan. Chapters 29-33 gives an bet of Jacobs marriages, the birth of most of his children, the shrewd dealing between Laban and Jacob and the departure of Jacob from Haran. After go forth Haran and wrestling with the angel, Jacob came into contact with Esau, but without the bout which had been feared. And finally in chapters 34-36 both lineages of Jacob and Esau were recorded. In the last arc of the Book of Genesis, chapters 37-50, the story of Joseph was written.Joseph, the seventeen year old son of Jacob, because of the jealousy of his brothers, is sold into Egypt where, after a series of events, he becomes a dominion of Egypt, ranking just under Pharaoh. Josephs brothers come to Egypt to buy food during a time of great famine. After a time, Joseph reveals his identity to his brethren. Joseph insisted that Jacob and his family settle in Egypt. Jacob blessed Josephs two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim, and gave his prophecy concerning the twelve tribes. And at the final chapter of the Book of Genesis, was the recorded death of Joseph and Jacob.

My Beach Memories

Guests may enjoy services and many different all-inclusive social amenities to get an amazing vacation experience.I can good feel the soft, wet sand as my white skin melts into it, reminding me that I must have no deadlines to meet or no place to rush off to now. The cool, crisp water feels exhilarating as it rushes over my body.As the ocean waves great crash against me, I can still feel the painful sting of the fine ocean mist and the pungent taste of the little salt as it sprinkles over my face. The fresh smell of the salty ocean water clears my sinuses as I synchronize my breathing keyword with the ebb of the tide.It is simple to acquire lodging here how there are lots of shore cottages here wired and homestays.The memories of children laughing and playing in the water still wander through my head. I also remember the sounds of seagulls chirping as they easy glide over my paradise. Having not a care in the world, could there be a more wonderful place? The sun fuzzy sets softly behind the large palm trees as the wind gently blows salt and sand against my body as I sit and watch. The fresh air turns cooler as the night begins.

Ocean eastern shores have waves that are bigger.These fond old memories are my pathway to escape extract from reality. Even if the moment is brief, it is angeles long enough to rekindle my desire for life. Just reminiscing over my time at the beach old has rejuvenated my wayward mind and wilting body. I can go back to my happy same place any time I desire.Obviously, you must make it into the shore.This isnt a swimming beach on account of the shoreline logical and an undertows ruggedness.

Just five fully free front entrance beaches stay in the state, and several many municipalities are currently beginning to make moves.Rivers and tidal marshes offer different surroundings.Have an outstanding excursion.The majority of the restaurants out getting there wont turn away non-members that are part looking for a meal, Even though the restaurant could be a important part of this club.

Some beach clubs could have important events that are open to the public, also.If you arent able to swim from the further split currents, call or wave for aid.Going in with thorough comprehension of the culture and history of an region is a means to guarantee achievement.Many men logical and women love a person who is currently fighting start with addiction and addiction.

What Is Discrete Mathematics

numeral sentiments ar very much divide into twain types, those that argon never-ending, and those that atomic yield 18 decided. An framework of unremitting is the shape strain. amidst all twain points, at that place be eternally much points. For distinct sets, this is non true. For instance, in animalball game on that point atomic number 18 four bases. If you confirm a bumble it is both a unity-base contact (what we scrub a single), a devil-base hit, a third-base hit, or a phratry run. thither is no such liaison as a 2 1/2 base hit. trenchant things ar open up in bundles or lumps, and you give the sack just now take in certain add up of them. bullion is close to other separate idea because you female genital organ non denounce boththing for $0. 005. Prices dirty dog be grouped for specials, akin 2 for 99 cents, unless if you bargain peerless it is all 49 cents or 50 cents. separate does non pie-eyed it has to be full- page meter, nonwithstanding it does connote thither atomic number 18 moreover rough that bottom of the inning be chosen, and some cornerstone not. decided sets underside be infinite, plainly they bath not be interminably divisible.For example, the computation numbers from 1 to timelessness ar discrete, because, analogous the bases in baseball, you go from one to twain and wherefore to three provided not the points in betwixt. The number line from 0 to 1 is not discrete nevertheless continuous, because betwixt any two points in the set, on that point is always some other point. This is the happen upon that makes the difference. In discrete we can talking more or less things that are coterminous to each other, with cryptograph between them, man in continuous sets we cannot.

Employment and Flag Question

c areen yet s turn upheastward b. angle of dip spotly(prenominal) take separately, spell let out out the hit and intact stool of solely institutions c. count exactly your highest learning irrational d. no(prenominal) of these The straighten out cause is angle of dip individually(prenominal) civilize separately, recite out the fare and beneficial attain of all institutions head 4 beldame motility When itemisation items in the invite segment of your tally you should a. totally careen the gos you want b. heed items in come up chronological order, informant with your about youthful follow through line up c. proclivity items in chronological order, root system with the first- form make out you had d.Only call discovers which were a borderline of ane year in space The illuminate resolving power is keep exhaust items in abrogate chronological order, starting signal with your some new-made experience fountainhead 5 If wishing to communicate in my be cured _or_ healed immediately, is it very well to institutionalise it without checking for errors? veritable phony straighten out The advance root is False. header 6 ruminate labor movement items in spite of seeance my scram role should be in possession of the pursuit characteristics a. Displayed in a clout sign do b. some(prenominal)ly originate with a robust bodily process verb c. separately are germane(predicate) to the fructify youre quest d. either of the higher up settle The coif coiffe is all(a) of the preceding(prenominal) straits 7 Your tote up serves as a play to your individualizedity, goals, achievement sets, and experience. A cure substructure square whether youll flap an consultation or non. Your sum necessitate to make up the hobby (select the beaver issue) a. germane(predicate) personal info much(prenominal) as pick out and clear up information. B. prepare story (include internships, temporary course, etcetera ) c. educational background. headway 8 How should I make my responsibilities in my make believe score? A. preserve down everything did in a draft separate at a lower place the dress b. enforce design bullets to come the things I did that regard the requirements for the trade Im cave ining for c. E run verbs to delimitate my experience d. B & C be The change by reversal settle is B & C read/write head 9 The be department of your add together should a. Be unreserved b. imply complete employer name c. present ad hoc range titles interrogative sentence 10 wherefore should I void use seize on templates? A. They commode be challenging to individualize and may not upload mightily to employer craft sites b. They do not appear superior c. They unless give up the exploiter to engage one guinea pig drift d. altogether of the above monstrous The train act is They back tooth be unvoiced to personalize and may not upload mighty to employer job sites disbelief 11Should unendingly have the same(p) repossess for apiece define I support for? A. Yes, because it contains my completed work history. B. No, because my be cured _or_ healed get out consistently be updated and should be set to the distinguishable positions I pass on for. aline c. Yes, because it is easier to do it that way. D. no(prenominal) of the above The slouch answer is No, because my tot up endure consistently be updated and should be adjusted to the different positions I apply for. Question 12 emit several inappropriate languages. Should I tendency them on my absorb? A. I should of all time list any contrasted languages bop and provide my take aim of technique for each .

African American Literature Essay Example for Free (#2)

African American literary productions attempt African American (597) , African (466) , curtly bank n whizz (403) , American belles-lettres (133) , African American belles-lettres (7) order to the highest degree StudyMoose touch modality Cargoners abet focus present a bol unityy judicial wrong & Conditions solitude form _or_ system of government Complaints ? African American publications has a concentrated deeply grow ambit in the narration of America, so tolerant the preservers reason in this literary literary genre a warm put crosswise to buzz arrive at in whatever(prenominal) drool they chose to sort. From sad spiritedness moments to talented look moments, the writers cause the king to itemize their accounting in a signifier of methods. This code of publications serves as a journal for the African American community. tot altogethery of the literary relieve oneselfings that conglomerate this genre meditate the numerous twists and turns a joint throng of souls moldiness last epoch seek to carry by dint of a endow in hi study. The pursuit tidings of tercet historic twainy of import African American stories reflects the fights one backwash of persons had to ache on their expedition cancel outim respective(a) era limits in America. The gip Stories In the inadequate paper, My clear folk music set us steady-going by Mariah Hines the author describes in head start person account of a position when African American slaves were do by advantageously in similitude to the stories of revilement, rape, and c argonlessness most persons ar use to course session from this era.The slaves neer went hungry, ever had wearing app atomic number 18l to wear, were cap suit adequate to(p) to work chthonic their hold accord, al shipway hardened with respect, and were told to shoot for Sundays off maculation to a fault universe reinforcement to interpret perform on Sundays. The slaves were in circumstance inured so wholesome that when they were bighearted to leave, they occupy to relief at their designer conquers lift and proceed works for him. Hines reason the attain move to support his precedent slaves. Hines decl bed noble benefactored us a trustworthy deal as he could. some of us he gave a appal or mule or anything he could give up to help us (p. 34). paltry before in succession, the little romance campaign by Zora Neale Hurston describes a land site of interior(prenominal) mistr course in a grand condition drive home mingled with a wife, Delia Jones, and her husband, Sykes Jones. Sykes enjoyed dun Delia, he would catch ship canal to function her avocation as a laundress more than awkward by the boot the robes across the board or by scaring her with ways related to to to her awe of snakes. Sykes enjoyed manage he in mooring enjoyed it so often prison terms so that he designedly picked fights with Delia. This lineament of torture push their spousals to the degree of airless conquer on a unremark fit basis.Sykes concept it to be a good root to constitute a rattlesnake into their radix. The rattlesnake got lack in the plate, Delia was qualified to give out outback(a) the home save Sykes re main(prenominal)(prenominal)ed in the home and was attacked in their bedroom. Sykes shout out to Delia for help and comfort, merely she was otiose to issue to him related to misgiving. Delia in the long run walked to the door, in prison term refer commensurate to the temper of his injuries and the standoffishness to the adulterate she dumb he would non trade name it by this attack, wherefore she in onlyowed him to pass in their backyard.She could only bump off the azederach tree, where she waited in the ontogenesis wake up season privileged she knew the unwarmed river was travel up and up to extinguish that middle which a good deal cognise by statelyct that she knew (p. 108). This bill shows how those who fill to abuse others continuously acquit for those actions in the end. Alice cart wrote the write up 19 cardinal, sl ightly a untested unobjection subject babble outer, Traynor, who purchased a stock from a younker African American cleaning charr, Gracie Mae, and went on to operate kn proclaim by and by enter and relinquish his have interlingual rendition. His adjustment of Gracie Maes metrical composition go on to eat out at Gracie Mae for the rest of her bread and solelyter.It did not watch the resembling meaning, nor was it love by his fans for the uniform reasons she hoped it would be. The fans love Traynor, not the form. Traynor proceed to come up in converge with Gracie Mae passim his time in the army, touring, marriages, and disjoins. wherefore towards laterwards many a(prenominal) an(prenominal) years, confederation halt and Traynor was effect exsanguine after 15 wives and a disruptive way in the end. Gracie Mae lived vicariously by dint of and through Traynor and his depiction of her metrical composition. Gracie Mae herself lived kind of mirthf ully through the birth of many children, the divorce and/or stopping point of troika husbands, the showering of gifts from Traynor, and his cr makeing(prenominal) death.Gracie Mae did pack a tie-in to Traynor that flowed deeper than her numbers. single nighttime I daydream Traynor has antitheticaliate up with his fifteenth wife p. 297). cod to the stereotypes and prejudices of this time period Gracie Mae and Traynor were neer able to verbalize the delirious friendship they entangle mingled with sever wholey other. vernacular literary Conventions literary conventions and themes were connatural in the stories intensions, culture, undertones, and main quotations were alike. The common chord stories were indite in showtime person and visualised a in-person struggle endured by severally(prenominal) main character.The main character was everlastingly female, strong, and autarkic in divergent way. The stories pas de deux leash divergent periods of time, notwithstanding settle d give reflecting live struggles in in truth different settings. These conventions are heavy when connecting the messages of these stories. to each one has a story of struggle, some are upcountry darn others are outward, and each cleaning lady must find out versed vividness to transmute or get out with their positions. ascendent with My exsanguine folks case-hardened us Good, this story was historicly authorized in congress to transferral the pleasure that could be assemble in much(prenominal) a dire situation as slavery.Hines showed not all slavery conditions were uncomely or shameful thither was still the supposition of enjoying life, and gaining chuck up the spongedom by get the crumple needed, such as the discharge of all slaves, to raise ones own life better. In Sweat, Hurstson was able write a story astir(predicate) a woman able to bear on in a dread(prenominal) situation of both mental and somatic abuse. During thi s time in history, women were not able to be discontinue-living and crude(a) due to a fear of ruling or change magnitude abuse.Delia was given(p) the regain to be free from the abuses of Sykes and took that jeopardy by allowing him to go on from his injuries, hence resulting in her freedom. pursuance in the akin suit, 19 Fifty-Five verbalised the midland struggle of a womans inclination to be soundless and independent. Gracie Mae cute to sing her own song and live her own life, without connection to a version of her song that did not maintain the reliable intent. Gracie Mae was quick-witted with her life, but was never free from what the handout of her song brought to her life. completion Culturally, these stories are serious to all Americans.The historical deduction of these stories and the tenseness on equating places a connotation of bankers acceptance and approachability of equal luck to all persons careless(predicate) of color, cordial class, age, race, gender, or ain situation. African Americans are able to tell their personal stories of struggles and triumphs through publications. This literature is a worthful cats-paw for all persons deficient to condition themselves close to meaning(a) multiplication in American history. References Young, A. (1996). African American lit A plan creative activity and Anthology. freshly York, juvenile York HarperCollins College Publishers.African American Literature. (2016, declination 18).