Principles of Health Care Practice Code of Conduct Essay

1.1 Introduction I am writing this report as a requirement for my HNC Health Care course which will be submitted to Christine Hughes. In this report I will be comparing and contrasting two health care professions, the two health care professions I have chosen to compare is nursing and social work. The report will be highlighting the principles of healthcare, such as Education and Registration, (still to finish) 1.2 Nursing Education & Registration To train to be a qualified nurse you undertake either a pre-registration diploma or degree at university this is normally a three year programme. Degrees and diploma programmes comprise of 50% theory and 50% practice, with time split between the higher education institute. Nursing is organised into four branches – Adult, Children, Mental Health and Learning Disabilities. During the first year of nurse training you are introduced to all of the key areas as part of the Common Foundation Programme. In the second and third year you focus on a specific branch, which runs the course. Registered nurses and midwives are responsible for assessing the needs of individuals, planning and implementing their care, and evaluating the effectiveness. The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) is the statutory regulatory body for nursing, midwifery and health visiting in the United Kingdom. All nurses working in the UK, including those trained abroad, need to be registered with the NMC in order to practice as a nurse in the UK, of that care. All qualified nurses, midwives and health visitors are required to be members of the NMC in order to practice. If nurses, midwives or health visitors are found guilty of misconduct, the NMC has the authority to strike them off the register. www.nhscareers.nhs.uk, www.planitplus.net/careerzone/ www.nursingnetuk 1.3 Social Work Education & Registration Social work requires a professional qualification, currently a three year undergraduate honours degree or a two year Masters degree in social work that has been approved by the General Social Care Council (GSCC)). The course involves a combination of course work and a minimum of 200 days spent in practice settings providing the opportunity for lots of practical experience before you actually qualify. The social work qualification is suitable for social workers in all settings and sectors. As a student and once qualified you will need to register with the General Social Care Council (GSCC) which is responsible for regulating the workforce. Previous qualifications in social work including the diploma will continue to be recognised as valid social work qualifications. There are a variety of ways to enter the social work profession, according to age and previous experience. www.socialworkcareers.co.uk, www.planitplus.net/careerzone 2.1 The Nursing & Midwifery Council The NMC is the regulatory body for nursing and midwifery; there purpose is to improve the standards of nursing and midwifery care in order to protect the public through professional standards. NMC register all nurses and midwives to ensure that they are properly qualified and competent to work in the UK. They set the standard of education; training and conduct that nurses and midwives will deliver high quality healthcare consistently throughout their careers. NMC also makes sure that nurses and midwives keep all their skills and knowledge up to date and to uphold the standards of their professional code. They also investigate allegations made against nurses and midwives who may not have followed the code. Every registered nurse, midwife or health visitor must renew their registration every three years. Post-registration education and practice (Prep) is set by the NMC which is designed to help nurses and midwifes provide a high standard of practice and care. There are legal requirements set which must be met in order for there registration to be renewed. 2.2 General Social Care Council The General Social Care Council (GSCC) sets standards of conduct for social care employers and workers, this regulates the social care workforce including regulating social work their training and education. The GSCC is responsible for codes of practice for employers and employees in the care sector. Social Care Register is a register of qualified social workers, the registration will ensure that those working in social care meet rigorous registration requirements and will hold them to account for their conduct by codes of practice. Registered social workers are also required to complete post-registration training and learning activities before renewing their registration every three years. Post-registration training and learning requirements that all registered social workers must meet are every social worker registered with the GSCC shall, within the period of registration, complete either 90 hours or 15 days of study, training, courses, seminars, reading, teaching or other activities which could reasonably be expected to advance the social worker’s professional development. To keep a record of post-registration training and learning undertaken, and failure to meet these conditions may be considered misconduct. Continuing Professional Development in Nursing All registered nurses and midwives are required to take part in continuing professional development (CPD) in order to maintain their professional registration. This is part of the post-registration education and practice (PREP) requirements, set by the Nursing and Midwifery Council NMC. There are two types of PREP, 1. Practice standards and Continuing professional development standards. CPD is fundamental to the development of all health care practitioners, as it is important that nurses keep there knowledge and skills up-to date, to improve standards in the practice and to gain more qualifications. To meet the CPD standards nurses must undertake at least 35 hours of learning activity relevant to their practice every three years, to maintain a personal professional profile of their learning activity and to comply with any requests to audit how they have met these requirements. Nurses and midwives who do not comply with the Prep requirements will cause their registration to lapse and can no longer work as a registered nurse or midwife. These requirements must be met every three years, and are declared at the point that registration is renewed. 3.1 Clinical Governance Clinical governance is the framework through which the NHS is accountable for the continuing improvement of quality of professional standards whilst still safeguarding high standards of care, thereby creating an environment which aims for clinical excellence. It is to ensure that high quality and professional standards are being maintained, and that health professionals are competent to deliver care safely with the right training and skills. This protects the patients from risks and mistakes allowing them to have confidence and faith in their care providers. Clinical governance also ensures that practitioners are accountable for the quality of patient care they provide meaning that they are more likely to question their practice and seek to make it of more benefit to the patient’s health. If it is found that those standards are not being met or they have got complaints from individuals about there delivery of care, there will be someone answerable for the failures to maintain standards. Nurses are responsible for their own competence and if they carry out treatments or procedures then they will be deeming themselves to do so.

Frankenstein Media Coursework Essay

Frankenstein or The Modern Prometheus was Mary Shelley’s own Prodigy and one of the greatest novels known in literature; some claim it was the first science fiction novel of any type which blends gothic horror and romance and reveals the terrifying consequences of playing God. It all began in the summer of 1816 at the famed Villa Diodati on the shores of Lake Geneva where Lord Byron had challenged Mary Shelley to write a ghost story which would later become precursor of science fiction ‘Frankenstein’. She completed the novel in 1817 and the first edition was published in 1818. The novel was written in the ‘Romanticism Period’ which was an artistic intellectual movement which used strong emotion, imagination and freedom within. Mary Shelley’s ‘Frankenstein’ is undoubtedly one of the most literary triumphs of this period. While a prisoner of war the director James Whale learned to write stage plays and that is how his talent first became known to him. This talent eventually led him to Hollywood in the 1930’s along with the play ‘Journeys End’. One of the best horror movies James Whale directed was ‘Frankenstein’ aspects of him being socially different (him being a homosexual) were detected in this film for example the rejection of the monster could reflect him being rejected in society. The 1920’s and 30’s saw ‘The Great Depression’ and ‘The Golden Age of Hollywood’. The Great Depression A. K. A The Wall Street Crash happened in October 1929. The debts of Hollywood tripled to $410 million dollars due to The Depression. The kind of movies that Hollywood produce during The Depression changed due to the public mood, more cynical characters were created to reflect a sense of despair e. g. gangsters and prostitutes. Public pressure disallowed pre-martial sex, immoral and criminal activity to be shown this was the reason why scenes from the Frankenstein film were cut due to public pressure and the risk of boycotting from the public. Kenneth Branagh was born on 10th December and is the best known Shakespeare interpreter of the 20th century and is an icon as he could direct and act, this led him to win 2 Baftas and 1 Emmy. Many ideas could have triggered the idea for Branagh’s ‘Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein’. One of these ideas was the science breakthrough cloning: In 1997 on 22nd February the first ever cell was created and claimed life. The fighting of other countries carried on and many innocent lives were lost, this could have encouraged Branagh making a film with the idea of bringing people back from the dead and being able to play god. ‘Media Products of their time’ are innovations which may adapt people’s lives, society, politics, culture, religion, moral and philosophical ideas within their time. For me to analyse whether or not the films are ‘Media Products of their time’ I will look at the techniques they use and whether or not they reflect the society, law, censorship, technology, morals and politics etc. of their time.

Are Real Estate Appraisers To Blame For The Recent Real Estate Crisis Research Paper

Are Real Estate Appraisers To Blame For The Recent Real Estate Crisis In America - Research Paper Example An immediate caveat to saying that one segment of controls and regulations is responsible for a systemic crisis that affected not only a market but also the entire world is that this responsibility is not all encompassing. The definition of systemic is derived from the word â€Å"system,† which refers to several (more than one) distinct parts. Thus, to assign all blame to one part of the system implies that one part of the system was actually capable of creating a crisis. This assumption, along with the assumption that real estate appraisers were solely responsible for the crisis, are false; however, the issue of whether they played a significant role in the market failure is an important one to consider not only for historical purposes, but also for the purposes of policy and economic reform. From the literature since 2008, it is the finding of most experts that real estate appraisers contributed in large part (but not wholly) to the real estate crisis, due primarily to the d ecentralization of regulatory responsibility. The first component of assigning blame to any individual or group is to understand the role that they played in the system. According to scholars in the field of corporate accounting, significant portions of blame belong to all of the key players (and their respective roles) in the economic collapse.1 For instance, if it were not for homebuyers and their willingness to take out mortgages that they could not repay, there would have been no mortgage defaults for the financial markets to feed on. These authors also give blame to the issuers of credit default swaps, which were sold to investors as a significant source of income. These swaps, however, began to lose value rapidly when housing prices began to slide. In the middle of these two parts of the system were the mortgage originators, who typically received fees up front and accordingly had little incentive to make sure borrowers did not default on their loans. A piece of this part were the real estate appraisers, who likewise had no incentive to appraise homes for prices lower than a minimum price needed for a mortgage to be approved. If a real estate appraiser was thoroughly honest in all of its dealings, and it blocked too many transactions, there would be no demand for its services from partners. This element of marketplace competition and an incentive against honesty does not earn real estate appraisers any support among those looking for a major source of responsibility for the real estate crisis. However, certainly real estate appraisers did not complete their work in a vacuum: it was part of a process (a market process) that led to incentives for certain actions and outcomes over others. Consequently, the notion of assigning blame should extend beyond the circumstances that appraisers found themselves in. One way of doing this is identifying carelessness and negligence in the way in which they carried out their work. One example of this is how real estate appraisers have been accused of actively colluding to raise home prices artificially, which would encourage homeowners to continue to build home equity. Appraisals would occur on â€Å"cursory drive-by inspections and comparisons with nearby homes that had recently been sold or refinanced.†2 These comparisons were done on occasion to homes these same appraisers had valuated months before. If the

Disaster preparation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Disaster preparation - Assignment Example rs, yet, a large percentage of them are not well prepared for disasters due to several reasons such as the legal structure or the lack of proper emergency systems. All RNs have an ethical duty and responsibility to ensure that the patients’ health are safeguarded and thus for this reason, they play a significantly important role in disaster management. In this context, the paper will discuss both the various disaster management plans that nurses have at home and at work, and the challenges faced by nurse volunteers during cases of community wide disasters. The nature of disasters require that RNs and other health practitioners to respond quickly in order to save number of lives. RNs with no plans in place to cater for their own needs such as family and pets can have a relatively hard time in participating or carrying out their ethical obligations during disasters. For instance, when the Hurricane Katrina occurred, many RNs ignored and aborted their work obligation so as to care for their families and homes, and thus the casualties were exposed to even more danger of losing their lives. In a bid to increase preparedness, nurses should ensure that they have disaster kits at home, in cars and even at their workplace. This could enable people to be treated at various places thus easing congestion that is usually witnessed in hospitals during disasters. Equally important, the government and other agencies have a duty to ensure that nurses feel assured that their families are protected and safe during disasters and calamities. One way that the RNs can have assurance about their families protection is by working coherently with them to ensure that the public, including children, have attained the knowledge and skills required for coping in disaster. For instance, children and adolescents can be engaged in activities such as formulating and exercising preparedness plans, preparing and learning how to use disaster kits, familiarizing with school emergency procedures and

Importance of Theory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Importance of Theory - Research Paper Example This paper will explore Nightingale’s theory which is based on systems, interactions and development, and to relate it to the nursing practice today. On a given day nurses utilize several nursing theories. Nursing theories are basic concepts that define the nursing practice and attempts to describe and explain what and why nurses do what they do (nursing). Nursing theory is important in differentiating nursing from other disciplines as its main purpose is to describe, explain, predict, and control desired nursing practice outcomes. These theories applied daily by nurses are guidance to how a nurse gives treatment to a patient, how nurses perform their tasks, complete their assessments, and establish interventions. By studying nursing theory, students are able to start thinking critically. For example, nursing theory can be termed as the foundation of good nursing and clinical practice. Even when building a house the foundation is the most important; a strong foundation means a long lasting house. Similarly when the foundation is cracked, the structure (nursing practice) is weakened. Therefore, having a good comprehension of the n ursing theories from the nursing education level topped up with intuition and compassion makes a strong nurse. Nursing theory is the foundation of nursing research which in return develops the nursing practice. It is essential in health care advancement, which allows patients to get the best possible nursing care. As medicine is trying to make a more multidisciplinary approach to health care, nursing has to aim at establishing a exceptional body of knowledge. For example, nurses are gradually increasing their practice scope by performing tasks that were previously carried out by doctors. It is therefore important for theory to define the position of nurses and their roles (Colley, 2003). By giving them this sense of identity,

Apple and Amazon Companies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 15

Apple and Amazon Companies - Essay Example The present research has identified that Amazon.com, Inc. is an American-based company that dominates the United States retail markets. The company deals with electronic commerce and it has strived to become the best online-based retailer in the region. It originally started as an online bookstore but in the recent times, it has greatly diversified into the sale of compact disks, furniture, software, toys, video games, food, electronics, and jewelry. Just like Apple, Amazon produces consumer electronics such as the Fire TV sets, Fire mobile phones, Fire tablets, and the Amazon Kindle e-book. The company has separate websites for its different market regions. Some of its market regions include; the United States, Canada, France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Netherlands, China, and Japan. The graph in the paper is essential in determining the various strategies different companies use in their marketing programs. Apple and Amazon are no exceptions in this situation. The graph compar es the different marketing strategies used in a period of two years against their popularity among companies. An analysis of these strategies would act as a good way to compare and contrast the two companies. According to Moorman, Apple has managed to emerge as the best overall winner of marketing excellence surveys, and the latest being the 2012 award. Scrutinizing the company’s marketing policies would be a good starting point for this analysis. Just as Moorman continues to explain, Apple has been successful in the electronics market primarily because of its marketing strategies. Apple’s marketing approach constitutes the following three strong pillars: empathy, focus and impute. Empathy implies that the company should be in a better position to understand the needs of their customers than their competitors do. In a move to maintain focus, the company puts its attention to important opportunities that will enable them to be in apposition to do a perfect job.

Explain the different reasons why we observe low levels of intake of Essay

Explain the different reasons why we observe low levels of intake of health micro-insurance in many developing countries - Essay Example There is a general lack of trust about the insurance sector, with many people being under perception that the funds are either misappropriated or used for personal gains. Lack of essential insurance cover, such as that of health has led to challenge of addressing health of the population, especially in Africa. The paper will also provide some recommendation of what needs to be done to increase the uptake of health micro insurance in developing countries. Studies by the World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that the uptake of health insurance in many developing countries, especially in Africa, remains low (Ahuja & JÃ ¼tting, 2004). The situation remains a major concern owing to the fact out-of-pocket payment of health services is extremely expensive to majority of people. This means that most of them will not seek healthcare services from the formal health organizations. In counties such as Senegal, the traditional healers also play a role in treating patients. The use of traditional herbal medicine is also common, as it is perceived to be the cheapest means of treatment. The uptake of insurance is also associated with economic, ignorance, and lack of trust. The misappropriation of health funds has discouraged most people from taking insurance. With the insurance cost remaining high in most African countries, the uptake is common in the employed population. This owes to the fact that the employers is under obligations, in many African countries, to deduct health insurance from the gross salary. Lack of information about health insurance, coupled by negative attitude towards the system has also been blamed for the low intake (Dercon, & De Weerdt, 2006). For instance, most of those living in the rural areas are found to lack in health insurance. The number of health facilities in these areas are also few, and miles away from the people. One of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

Read the case and answer the questions ( but focus more in the first Assignment

Read the case and answer the questions ( but focus more in the first question) - Assignment Example The difference in treatment of financial institutions during and in the aftermath of the 2008 crisis was but well order; for with large risks is the chance to succeed and/or fail, all of which the very institution must bear the most burden. 2. Many experts argue that when the government bails out a private financial institution it creates a problem called â€Å"moral hazard,† meaning that if the institution knows it will be saved, it actually has an incentive to take on more risk, not less. What do you think? No one individual among those in search of growth wishes to fail, and so are the institutions with humans at the helm. Equally true is the very fact that entities only reap rewards commensurate to the seeds sowed; anything else only happens in the charity world. With risk, however, comes responsibility; a case where an institution has â€Å"masked† bad assets and excessive liabilities outside the proximity of determinable levels is but incurable, and a lesson of some sort must be read across the system. It is public knowledge that by the time Lehman Brothers filed for bankruptcy with Federal Reserve, the financial crisis was well underway, and that bailing out the institution wasn’t a priority; the entire system was. To hit right at the tip, getting the right buttons at that particular moment was but hard to call, and that no one knew for sure that lending the Lehman Brothers a hand was that very right button on behalf of the entire system. If indeed its consequential failure had the weight alluded by a section of scholars in quashing off the crisis, then, it was a mistake on behalf of the government. The foregoing notwithstanding, the downward spiral with exorbitant losses on its books of account wasn’t anything to overlook. Both ways, the decision taken was a double-edged sword with no specified guarantees

Introduction to Sociology Essay Example for Free

Introduction to Sociology Essay 1. The Philippines is one of the third world countries in the world. This means that the country belongs to some of the poorest countries compared to the United States and the United Kingdom. People who live in third world countries are not necessarily all poor. Some of them are also rich and have their own businesses. These people can eat more than three times a day, send their children to private schools, and enjoy the luxuries that their money can buy. However, majority of the people in third world countries are poor. Some are homeless. Many have no source of income and therefore cannot provide for their families. It is not surprising that many people choose to go to first world countries like the United States to work for better opportunities. For Vicky, there is no doubt that the decision to find work in a foreign country was hard. She has her own family with a husband and two children to take care of. She left her family to earn money for the family. Although she did have a job in the Philippines, this was not enough to take care of the familys financial needs. She did not want to be separated from her family but she needed to travel because she knew that if she stayed in the Philippines, her family will suffer. Vicky is not alone in this kind of situation. The Philippines is one of the most known countries who have the greatest number of overseas workers because of the situation in their country. They try to find work not only in the United States but also in Australia, the United Kingdom, and the Middle East. Financial need is the number one reason for them to work outside the country. 2. Because Vicky is not a native of the United States, it is most likely that she will experience some difficulties while working here. First, she might encounter discrimination due to her color and race. Although the United States is a very diverse country, discrimination still exists in its society at some point. Vicky might be looked down upon because of her color and her nationality. She might be discriminated because she is not able to communicate in English as fluently as the natives can. The United States government tries hard to make sure that discrimination does not exist in its society today. However, there are still a few who think that they are better just because of their color and race. Vicky might feel discouraged when she experiences discrimination from the natives of this country. She might also have an impression that Americans are not hospitable and welcoming and that working here is not worth it after all. Secondly, Vicky might encounter problems with her immigran t status. There are many employers who do not like to hire people who are not natives of the country because they do not trust them and believe of what they can do as workers. She might also have problems when her visa expires. The United States embassy is quite strict in allowing people in their country because they want to avoid terrorist attacks and other unwanted situations that foreigners can bring in the country. Another difficulty that Vicky might experience is the competition for the employment opportunities. Aside from the competition with the locals, Vicky might also have to compete with the opposite sex for the job that she wants. Some employers prefer to hire males because they believe that males are stronger and much more capable of the work needed to get done. This lessens Vickys chances of choosing a job that suits her the most and the job that she thinks would reward her the most in terms of salary and income. These are only some of the setbacks that Vicky might encounter while working in the United States. When one looks at the situation, it can be seen that Vicky and all other overseas workers are the ones who suffer the most. They enter a foreign country without any familiar face. They have to adapt to certain rules and norms of the countrys society. They have to learn how to get along with strangers just to keep their jobs. They have to endure problems like discrimination and competition. Aside from these things, they suffer from being away from their home and families. They get homesick but do not mind this just to be able to send money to their homeland. They take care of other peoples families and children but are not able to take care of their own children. All these they have to endure just for their families have a better life back in their homeland. 3. People from third world countries will not be able to think of leaving their families to go to another country if there are no available jobs in these foreign countries. Â  In economic terms, there would be no supply of workers if there is no demand for them. Vicky would not have thought of going here if there were no couples who need her services. Americans are very success-driven people, which is why they work hard day and night even if this means having less time for their families. Work is very important for them. At times, one job is not even enough and they search for second jobs to earn for the family. This requires them to look for people who can take care of their children while they are at work. While they certainly can avail the services of day care centers, many parents do not want to leave their children in these centers because of overcrowding and fear of their children contracting diseases from other children. It is also better to hire a private nanny who can focus on their children on a constant basis. Day care centers have limited staff and there are times when the staff cannot attend to the needs of each child because there are just too much of them. Vicky, as a private nanny, can stay at home with them and do other household chores when the child does not need taking care of. Having one private nanny can also mean that the nanny can focus on the childs growth and development at all times. The nanny can act as a second parent to the child when the parents are not at home. Her educational background and previous work experience might also contribute to her employment. Parents would want to hire people who know how to handle their kids and the household when they are gone. They want someone who can be trusted. Vickys experience as a school teacher can help her get employed because this means that she knows how to handle children. In addition, the fact that she is a mother of two children herself means that she has enough experience in taking care of children and recognizing their n eeds and wants. If these dual-career Beverly Hills couples choose to hire Vicky, they would certainly be lucky and benefit from it because of her qualifications. It is not everyday that school teachers from other countries apply for a housekeeper or a nanny. This would also be beneficial for the parents because hiring Vicky would cost less than enrolling their children in a day care center. 4. Transnational migrants are those people who belong to two or more societies at the same time. Although Vicky does not really own any property while in the United States, she can be considered as a transnational migrant because she belongs to two different societies at the same time. She is still a Filipino citizen and will most likely take vacations in the Philippines if her employers allowed it. She still practices the different cultures and traditions of the Filipino culture while in and outside of her home country. This may not be obvious but she nevertheless still does it. At the same time, living and working in the United States requires her to adapt to the customs of the country to fit in. She would learn the language, the government, and the people of the United States. She is employed here and is receiving monetary income, which makes her a part of the society. Even if she does not really want to, she still has to do it because this will make it easier for her to live in a foreign country.

What Qualities A Teacher Should Have Essay Example for Free

What Qualities A Teacher Should Have Essay Teachers play an important role in the education of every student. There are many who think that a teacher have a certain skill in teaching their students. I think that a teacher should obtain multiple qualities to be able to have the skill in teaching. In my view, a teacher must enjoy their job. They should do this because if they do not then they will become unhappy. Once a teacher is unhappy, they will not be able to perform well for their job. If a teacher is not able to perform well; how will a student be able to learn the proper skills for their subject? A teacher should have knowledge about their subject. If a teacher does not have the knowledge; how will he be able to guide his students towards the right path? The teacher should have knowledge because he will be able to share his knowledge with his students, which enables his students to learn more. I strongly believe that a teacher should present his subject in an interesting manner. If a subject is not presented in an interesting manner; how will students be able to obtain the information given to them? Students these days have very limited attention spans. If very vital information is being presented in a boring monotone voice; do you think students will remember this information? A teacher should be hardworking, caring, responsible and must like children. If a teacher is none these; how do you think a student will react? If a teacher is not hardworking; will he be able to actually teach a student something? If a teacher is not caring; will he able to gain the trust of a student? If a teacher is not responsible; will he be able to handle the welfare of a student? If a teacher dislikes children; will he be able to achieve in getting any information towards a student? In conclusion, I think in order to obtain a certain skill in teaching; a teacher must be able to have certain qualities such as the ability to appreciate his job, the knowledge of a subject, the ability to present their subject in an interesting manner, the ability to be hardworking, caring, responsible and the ability to like children. Teachers are counted as a noble profession as they shape the minds of tomorrow.

Foreign Tourist Behavior And Perceptions Of Indian Tourism

Foreign Tourist Behavior And Perceptions Of Indian Tourism Tourism industry is one of the major industries of the world. Various sub-sectors of this industry have been developing special relationships among themselves to eliminate competition and cost. Tourism is an important part of economic life and is closely associated with services like travel, food and accommodation. A significant part of human activity is connected with tourism. We can consider the structure of tourism industry in a form in which certain countries offer better destination, quality, and improved programmes with innovations laced with ideas of establishing product differentiation. The aim of this paper is to provide a practical approach towards the satisfaction pattern of foreign tourist behavior towards Indian tourism. This paper also depicts a clear study of behavioral understanding of foreign tourist which is presented through a qualitative research framework. Findings highlight the satisfaction level of foreign tourists with respect to Indian tourism. Gap is evaluated between satisfaction and dissatisfaction, and strategies to enhance Indian tourism are suggested for future to create a differentiation. KEY WORDS: Tourism, customers satisfaction, differentiation. INTRODUCTION: Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four (24) hours and not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited. Tourism is an industry that operates on a massively broad scale: it embraces activities ranging from the smallest sea-side hotel; to air-lines, multi-national hotel chains and major international tour operators. Originally, non-traditional industries such as tourism emerged as a solution to strike a balance between ecology and industry. The tourism industry is now one of the largest sectors earning foreign exchange for the exchequer. In the face of such benefits, many countries have started assigning due weight age to the tourism industry in their national development agenda. The Holistic view of Tourism Industry in India: India has been ranked the best country brand for value-for-money in the Country Brand Index (CBI) survey conducted by Future Brand, a leading global brand consultancy. India also claimed the second place in CBIs best country brand for history, as well as appears among the top 5 in the best country brand for authenticity and art culture, and the fourth best new country for business. India made it to the list of rising stars or the countries that are likely to become major tourist destinations in the next five years, led by the United Arab Emirates, China, and Vietnam. India attracted about 4 million foreign tourists in 2006 that spent US$8.9 billion. The tourism industry in India generated about US$100 billion in 2008 and that is expected to increase to US$275.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate. The Ministry of Tourism is the nodal agency for the development and promotion of Tourism in India. It maintains the Incredible India campaign. However, Indias tourism sector currently lags behind less endowed countries and faces serious challenges including shortage of hotel rooms and security of foreign tourists. In 2007, there were only 25,000 tourist-class hotel rooms in the whole of India. Among other factors hindering the growth of the tourism industry in India are stringent visa requirements and congested airports. Despite short- and medium-term setbacks, tourism revenues are expected to surge by 42% from 2007 to 2017. Despite some upheavals, the upward trend in tourism is noticed almost everywhere. Terrorism, threats of wars and economic problems have not been able to harm the industry except for short periods. The overall global picture of tourism arrivals and revenues has been quite good everywhere. The basic spark for tourism comes from the quest for knowledge of different cultures and some illusive or real charms of distant destinations. Adventurous spirit acts as a magnetic pull for many people. Time and resources permitting, they want to leave their places of residence intermittently. This gene of curiosity and favorable factors like politico-economic developments and technological change leading to increase in speed and comfort of travel has brought about a revolution in the tourist activity. After the stalemate of World War II, many countries worked hard to improve their infrastructure facilities for the tourists. The laissez faire tourism policy of leaving the job to bureaucrats or clerks was given up in favor of scientific management with high productivity and efficiency. In several countries, a proper management of the tourism sector was undertaken and an intensive study of different aspects of innovation tourism was carried out. Some tourism inducing factors like favorable government policies, higher incomes, more holidays and leave opportunities have been conducive to the growth of tourism. People want to move out because of the increasing stress at work and tension and also because of the desire to get away from a polluted atmosphere. Social and seasonal pressures too, generate a short term feeling of the need for abandonment, peaceful relaxation or recuperation. It could be also escapism or an adventurous idea. Each situation gives rise to different types of tourists. Marketing of tourism and tourist / consumer behavior: Tourism is a service sector which earns a substantial foreign exchange to developing countries. In India, Kerala is one of the important destinations for the international tourists with its unique nature beauty with backwaters, mountains and beaches. To make the tourism a great success one has to take advantage of the modern technology to full extent. Present paper is an attempt to market tourism by adapting the service marketing approach for achieving great success. Being a service product it has to adopt Service marketing principles. This process is explained through the service triangle. (SERVICE MARKET TRIANGLE) a) Company: The company in the Tourism Sector can be the Central Government, the State tourism Corporations, Tour Operators such as SOTC, ITDC, etc. The company carries out External Marketing as well as Internal Marketing External Marketing: It makes promises to the customers, for e.g. the Malaysian governments advertisement Malaysia, Truly Asia that promises a veritable cultural paradise to the customer. Internal Marketing: The Company enables the Providers to fulfill the promises made by it to the customers. For example, the Malaysian Government maintains the local transportation within the country, maintains the tourist spots such as KL Towers, etc. b) Providers: The Providers include all the entities that finally fulfill the Companys promise to the Customers. They undertake Interactive Marketing, because they are in touch with the final customer. Thus in the case of the Malaysian government, this would include the transportation providers (Malaysian Airlines, Air India, local bus transportation, local trains in Kuala Lumpur, car and two-wheeler rentals), the different hotels within Malaysia (Tanjam Putri), souvenir outlets at tourist areas, tourist spots (Genting highland, KL Towers, Twin Towers, etc.), restaurants (KFC Joints, Mary Brown, Pizza Hut), etc. c) Customers: These are the end users of the final service delivered by the providers. The satisfaction and dissatisfaction will depend upon the efficiency of the delivery in the service process as well as the promises kept by the service providers. EX. If jet Airways promises to reach a particular destination on a given time, the satisfaction of travelers will depend upon the timely arrival of that flight. Applications of the Gaps Model: Perceived service quality can be defined as, according to the Gaps model, the difference between consumers expectation and perceptions which eventually depends on the size and the direction of the four gaps concerning the delivery of service quality on the companys side (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, Berry, 1985). Customer Gap = f (Gap 1, Gap 2, Gap 3, Gap 4) The magnitude and the direction of each gap will affect the service quality. For instance, Gap 3 will be favourable if the delivery of a service exceeds the standards of service required by the organization, and it will be unfavourable when the specifications of the service delivered are not met. First of all the model clearly determines the two different types of gaps in service marketing, namely the customer gap and the provider gaps. The latter is considered as internal gaps within a service firm. This model really views the services as a structured, integrated model which connects external customers to internal services between the different functions in a service organization. Important applications of the model are as follows: The 10 determinants of service quality (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, Berry, 1985) 1. The gaps model of service quality gives insights and propositions regarding customers perceptions of service quality. 2. Customers always use 10 dimensions to form the expectation and perceptions of service quality. 3. The model helps predict, generate and identify key factors that cause the gap to be unfavourable to the service firm in meeting customer expectations. Thus, Perception, expectation and delivery are three basic features on which the success of Tourism depends. Knowledge sharing, change and innovation in human societies, as well as economic renaissance have much to do with tourism, which is accompanied by a cross of experiences, social movements, nascent explorations, interaction and coordination of a variety of social system. A tourist is basically interested in a well satisfying experience at a tourist destination. His decision starts with a conglomeration of perception and expectation in the context of the place to be visited. An understanding of a tourist journey can be highly revealing if we can carry out an analysis of three basic factors associated with a tourist. These are his perception, expectation and delivery of the tour. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: The proposed paper has the following intended objectives: To identify how foreign tourists influences the Indian tourism. To envisage the attitude of foreign tourist about Indian tourism. To suggest strategies to bridge the gap between expectation of tourist and delivery process. HYPOTHESIS: Following hypothesis were set for this study: 1. H1: Safety and security is an important factor in foreign tourism 2. H2: Foreign tourists experience overall satisfaction from their visit to India 3. H3: Indias rich diversity in culture plays a major role for attracting foreign tourist RESEARCH DESIGN USED: In this case, a descriptive research and causal research design study is used to study the relationships in question. Descriptive research facilitates the study to obtain accurate and complete information regarding a concept or a situation or a practice. The objective of a descriptive research revolved around who, what, when and how of a topic. Causal research facilitates the study to know whether one variable is having an effect on another variable. DATA COLLECTION: Here, both primary and secondary data is considered. Secondary data is collected from the international and national journals like Journal of Research in tourism, reputed working papers and other reputed journals. Primary data is gathered using Questionnaire as a tool for data collection. Sampling Technique: Stratified Random Sampling is done for selection of respondents. Sampling Population- place selected: The respondents were foreign tourists in Mumbai. Sample Size: Total 100 foreign tourist respondents were surveyed in Mumbai. DATA ANALYSIS: Data collected through Questionnaire was tabulated using Excel Personal Details: 1. Gender: Out of total 100 foreign tourist respondents, 53% respondents were females and 47% were males. 2. Marital Status: Out of total 100 foreign tourist respondents, 57% respondents were married and 43% were single. 3. Country of domicile: Out of total 100 foreign tourist respondents, 46% were American, 27% belong to Europe, 17% were from Asia, and 10% were from other country of origin. 4. Purpose of Visit: Out of total 100 foreign tourist respondents, 50% of respondents visited India for conferences, 37% for holiday/ sight seeing, 7% came to visit friends and relatives, 3% came for studies and 2% came for business purposes. 5. Age: From the above, it is seen that 40% respondents belong to 41-50 years age group, 33% belong to 31- 40 years age group, 27% belong to 20-30 years age group, none of the respondents were under 20 years and above 51 years. DETAILED ANALYSIS: The detailed analysis of the data is given below. 1. Levels of expectation on the following aspects before tour visit to India: 1.1 Information on India as a tourist destination: The data presented reveals that nearly 57% of foreign tourist respondents had High expectation from Indian tourism and 17% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had very low expectation from Indian tourism. 1.2 Accessibility to India from other parts of the globe (ease of getting visa, availability of flights and trains): The data presented reveals that nearly 77% (13% very high and 64% high) of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation with respect to accessibility parameter and 3% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had very low expectation for the same. 1.3 Quality of infrastructure, amenities of hotel/ lodge/ guest house/ hostel available: The data presented reveals that 37% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Quality of infrastructure, amenities of hotel/lodge/guest house/ hostel facility in India 43% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation and 3% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had low expectation for the same, 17% of respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.4 Quality and variety of food: The data presented reveals that 27% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Quality and variety of food in India, 46% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation and 7% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had low expectation for the same, 20% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.5 Level of hygienic condition: The data presented reveals that 20% of foreign tourist respondents had very high expectation with respect to Level of hygienic condition, 40% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation and 14% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had low expectation for the same, 3% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had very low expectation and 23% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.6 Postal and Banking facilities with money changing facilities: The data presented reveals that 30% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Postal and Banking facilities with money changing facilities available in India, 36% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation and 7% of respondents said that they had low expectation for the same and 27% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.7 Travel agents and guide services: The data presented reveals that 30% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Travel agents and guide services available, 36% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation and 7% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had low expectation for the same and 27% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.8 Safety and Security of Tourist: The data presented reveals that 30% of foreign tourist respondents had very high expectation with respect to Safety and Security of Tourist in India, 40% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation and 3% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had low expectation for the same and 27% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.9 Attitude of local people towards tourist: The data presented reveals that 27% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Attitude of local people towards tourist in India, 43% of respondents had high expectation and 10% of respondents said that they had low expectation for the same, 3% of respondents said that they had very low expectation and 17% of respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.10 Tourist information centers at prominent locations: The data presented reveals that 23% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Tourist information centers at prominent locations in India, 35% of respondents had high expectation and 13% of respondents said that they had low expectation for the same and 29% of respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 1.11 Responsiveness to customer complaints: The data presented reveals that 20% of foreign tourist respondents had very high expectation with respect to Responsiveness to customer complaints, 40% of foreign tourist respondents had high expectation, 10% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had low expectation for the same and 23% of foreign tourist respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. 2. Levels of satisfaction on the following aspects after tour visit to India: 2.1 Information on India as a tourist destination: The data presented reveals that nearly 43% of respondents were satisfied from Indian tourism after their visit and 13% of respondents said that they were dissatisfied from Indian tourism, 44% of respondents said that they were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied from Indian tourism. None of the respondents were delighted from the same. 2.2 Accessibility to India from other parts of the globe (ease of getting visa, availability of flights and trains): The data presented reveals that 53% of respondents were satisfied with respect to accessibility parameter to India and only 3% of respondents said that they were delighted for the same. 37% respondents said that they were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with respect to accessibility parameter to India and only 7% said that they were dissatisfied from the same. 2.3 Quality of infrastructure, amenities of hotel/ lodge/ guest house/ hostel available: The data presented reveals that 57% of foreign tourist respondents were satisfied with respect to Quality of infrastructure, amenities of hotel/ lodge/ guest house/ hostel facility in India, 13% of foreign tourist respondents said they were delighted with the above said parameters, 27% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. 2.4 Quality and variety of food: The data presented reveals that 67% of respondents were satisfied with respect to Quality and variety of food in India, 23% of respondents said that they were delighted, 3% of respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 7% of respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied with the quality and variety of food in India. 2.5 Level of Hygienic conditions: The data presented reveals that 47% of respondents were satisfied with respect to level of hygienic conditions in India, 13% of respondents said that they were delighted, 10% of respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 30% of respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied with the quality and variety of food in India. 2.6 Postal and Banking facilities with money changing facilities: The data presented reveals that 47% of foreign tourist respondents were satisfied with respect to the Postal and Banking facilities with money changing facilities in India, 20% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were delighted, none of foreign tourist respondents said that were dissatisfied or very dissatisfied for the same, 33% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied with the Postal and Banking facilities with money changing facilities in India. 2.7 Travel arrangements (Travel agents and guide services): The data presented reveals that 43% of foreign tourist respondents were satisfied with respect to Travel arrangements (Travel agents and guide services) in India, 10% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were delighted, 7% of foreign tourist respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 40% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. 2.8 Safety and Security of tourist: The data presented reveals that 43% of foreign tourist respondents were satisfied with respect to safety and security measures of tourist in India, 7% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were delighted, 7% of foreign tourist respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 40% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. 2.9 Attitude of local people towards tourist: The data presented reveals that 50% of foreign tourist respondents were satisfied with respect to Attitude of local people towards tourist in India, 10% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were delighted, 17% of foreign tourist respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 23% of foreign tourist respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. 2.10 Tourist information centers at prominent locations: The data presented reveals that 37% of respondents were satisfied with respect to Tourist information centers at prominent locations in India, 13% of respondents said that they were delighted, 17% of respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 3% said that they were very dissatisfied, 30% of respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. 2.11 Responsiveness to customer complaints: The data presented reveals that 47% of respondents were satisfied with respect to responsiveness to customer complaints in India, only 3% of respondents said that they were delighted, 30% of respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 3% said that they were very dissatisfied, 17% of respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. 3. Miscellaneous: 3.1 Respondents visit to India before: Out of total 100 respondents, 63% respondents said that they have visited India before, 37% respondents said that they have not visited India before. 3.2 Rating the overall satisfaction with respect to the respondents experience about touring in India: The data presented reveals that 47% respondents said that they had overall satisfaction with respect to the experience about touring in India, 13% respondents were extremely satisfied, 33% respondents said that they were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with respect to the experience about touring in India, 7% respondents said that they were dissatisfied for the same. 3.3. Based on the experience, recommendation given to friends, relatives to visit India: The data presented reveals that 13% respondents said that they will always recommend to their friends and relatives to visit India due to their own experience, 53% respondents said that they will almost always refer the same, 20% respondents said that they will sometime refer, 7% respondents said that they were rarely refer and 7% respondents said that they will never refer to their friends and relatives to visit India. 3.4. Rating the extent of importance by the respondents to each of the activities when they are on tour in India: a) Getting away from stress: The data presented reveals that 13% respondents said that getting away from stress is very important factor for them to come on tour in India, 17% respondents said that it is an important factor, 46% respondents said that getting away from stress is not at all an important factor for them to come on tour in India, 17% respondents said that it is not important factor and 7% respondents said that it is not important nor unimportant factor for them. b) Health reasons: The data presented reveals that 13% respondents said that health reason is very important factor for them when they to come on tour in India, 27% respondents said that it is an important factor, 7% respondents said that it is not at all an important factor for them to come on tour in India, 10% respondents said that it is not important factor and 43% respondents said that it is not important nor unimportant factor for them. c) Learning about India and its culture: The data presented reveals that 27% respondents said that learning about India and its culture is very important factor for them when they to come on tour in India, 23% respondents said that it is an important factor, 3% respondents said that it is not at all an important factor for them to come on tour in India, 10% respondents said that it is not important factor and 37% respondents said that it is not important nor unimportant factor for them. Testing of Hypotheses: 1. H1: Safety and Security is an important factor in foreign tourism Rating the expectation level about Safety and Security factor of Tourist: The data presented reveals that 30% of respondents had very high expectation with respect to Safety and Security of Tourist in India, 40% of respondents had high expectation and 3% of respondents said that they had low expectation for the same and 27% of respondents said that they had moderate expectation i.e. neither to high nor to low. Rating the satisfaction level about Safety and Security factor of Tourist: The data presented reveals that 43% of respondents were satisfied with respect to safety and security measures of tourist in India, 7% of respondents said that they were delighted, 7% of respondents said that were dissatisfied for the same, 40% of respondents said that they were neither to satisfied nor to dissatisfied. The above data revels that majority of foreign tourists have high expectations about security and safety parameter and at the same time most of them are satisfied and delighted from the same. This states that foreign tourist care about their security and safety. Thus, H1: safety and security is an important factor in foreign tourism holds true. 2. H2: Foreign tourists experience overall satisfaction from their visit to India Rating the overall satisfaction with respect to the respondents experience about touring in India: The data presented reveals that 47% respondents said that they had overall satisfaction with respect to the experience about touring in India, 13% respondents were extremely satisfied, 33% respondents said that they were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with respect to the experience about touring in India, 7% respondents said that they were dissatisfied for the same. Thus, from the above it is seen that most of the foreign tourists are satisfied with their overall experience about touring in India. H2: Foreign tourists experience overall satisfaction from their visit to India holds true. 3. H3: Indias rich diversity in culture plays a major role for attracting foreign tourist Rate the extent of importance: Learning about India and its culture The data presented reveals that 27% respondents said that learning about India and its culture is very important factor for them when they to come on tour in India, 23% respondents said that it is an important factor, 3% respondents said that it is not at all an important factor for them to come on tour in India, 10% respondents said that it is not important factor and 37% respondents said that it is not important nor unimportant factor for them. Thus, the above data shows that majority of foreign tourist visit India for its rich diversity in culture and heritage. H3: Indias rich diversity in culture plays a major role for attracting foreign tourist, holds true. CONCLUSION: All types of tourism in India have registered phenomenal growth in the last decade ever since the Indian government decided to boost revenues from the tourism sector by projecting India as the ultimate tourist spot. The reason why India has been doing well in all types of tourism in India is that India has always been known for its hospitality, uniqueness, and charm attributes that have been attracting foreign travelers to India in hordes. From the study it is evident that mostly male foreign tourist visit India mostly for attending conferences. India attracts tourism for its richness in diversity and culture of which Medical tourism is also picking up pace in India, attracting foreigners. Overall foreign tourists are satisfied with the tour in India, some gap exits in expectation and perseverance pattern. This gap is bridged in recommendations. RECOMMENDATION: The study revealed the gap that existed between perception and expectation of foreign tourist. This gap is bridged as follows. a) Perception: Perception is the process by which information from the environment is received and interpreted and used in decision making through the interaction of various senses with known aspects of the tourist activity. The accuracy and nature of a persons perception determines the quality of decision and the subsequent action. Perception requires a stimulus which can be something visual or otherwise. The perception about a tourist spot may depend on the nature of the spot under consideration as well as the nature of the tourist who is bounded by his own ideas, possibly based on his values and current attributes. The nature of the spot would be judged by its location, surroundings and characteristics depending on the taste of the tourist who may or may not be bothered about external appearances. A fun loving tourist will have a very different perception of a spot in comparison with an academic minded tourist. Perception is used to make decisions. The actual experience which depends on the delivery pattern influences future decisions. Different individuals have different perception about the same thing. It may so happed some tourist are interested in some aspect of tourist spot which they consider specific or important. The differences of opinion may be based on their education and background. The int

Media Control Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive TV Ads Essays

Media Control In the United States, most of us probably feel that we live in a relatively free environment. We are proud to live in a country in which we are supposedly given the freedom of choice. We are proud of our freedom to voice our opinions. We feel no pressure to conform, but we do every day in ways that we are completely unaware of. We are oblivious to the messages we are constantly receiving from the media, messages that tell us how we should think, feel, and act, and this oblivion makes us all the more vulnerable. In the U.S., the average person sees 25,000 commercials a year. These commercials are not just advertising a product. They are also advertising the values and lifestyles that surround it. Take, for example, our countries burst of patriotism after the September 11th attacks. Soon after the attacks, the cover model of Vogue appeared on the November issue wearing an American flag T-shirt, and a page of the magazine was dedicated to advertising the new style of â€Å"chic, patriotic† clothing. Television commercials as well have taken a turn towards patriotism, some in very subtle ways. It seems that many ads now emphasize families, comfort, sentimentality, and security, things that are desired by many U.S. citizens after the attacks. Through indirect messages, ads not only promise these things to those who purchase their products, they also promote these desires and feelings, wrapping us all up in warm, patriotic comfort instead of encouraging any kind of critical thinking or exa mination of the issue at hand. Few of us are safe exempt from receiving these messages, as 98% of all homes in America own a TV set, and the average person spends four hours a day watching it. Unfortunately, it isn’t just the c... ...dcasters, which is paramount†. By law television broadcasters are obligated to â€Å"serve the public interest, convenience, and necessity† and broadcast programs that inform communities on local, national, and global issues from diverse perspectives. The ideal media would reflect the interest of the entire population, not just an elite few. There are already many independent news sources though they reach a significantly smaller audience than the mainstream media. If we could turn the media so that it works for the people it could be an amazingly useful tool for informing and educating the public on vitally important issues that do not currently receive enough attention. As Lester Brown, author of the State of the World book series says, â€Å"The communications industry is the only instrument that has the capacity to educate on a scale that is needed in the time available.†

Girl interrupted Essay -- essays research papers fc

Rory Boyan   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Writing 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  04/19/02   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Considering all the treatment methods used at Mclean Hospital, harsh physical treatments were rarely productive. Methods such as seclusion, ice-baths, Electro-shock therapy, and even the Hospitals atmosphere itself can make one wonder how anyone came out of there better than they went in. It seems odd that people teetering on the edge of sanity were subjected to such horrible treatments. Although such treatments sometimes worked, it in no way outweighs the horrible side effects that usually happen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of these treatments is seclusion. It is as simple as it sounds but the side effects were not. Not only are the patients totally alone for however many days the guards wanted, but they are stripped of basically everything they have except clothing. It is more of a punishment than a treatment. If a patient acts out in any way or ran away for a day or two, off to seclusion they would go. When taking mentally unstable patients and putting them in solitary confinement all they can do is sit there and think crazy thoughts; so when they come out they were usually like zombies. â€Å"One of the worst things we watched, though, was Lisa coming out of seclusion two days later.† (Page 21). How can that help anyone?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another type of treatment used is wrapping a patient in freezing cold sheets. It is possible, by a far stretch of the imagination, this could be used to calm down patients. If hypothermia is what made people sane, this should do the trick. The last thing about this is that, when the body gets cold, the immune system get weaker. It seems like they wanted patients to get physically sick too; maybe the nurses get commission on medication.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The worst treatment used is electro shock therapy, also known as ECT. This is when one is shocked by strong amounts of electricity, repeatedly, for however long the doctors decided to keep the patients there. There are a few incidences when ECT actually worked and completely cured a patient, but these were few and far between; the truth of the treatment is much worse. â€Å"In fact... ...er. After all the hel, these people were put through freedom seemed all the much better. It seems that after being there, anything is better than hospital life. Think of it this way, starve a man half to death, feed him nothing but bread and water, then give him a Ritz cracker. That will be the best cracker that man has ever eaten. On the opposite end of the spectrum you give a person Ritz Crackers everyday for the rest of his life, and he will despise them. The Hospital did not treat people as much as it did make them appreciate the society they were locked off from. This is why hospitals like this can thrive; the only treatment they have is appreciation for the life they take away from a patient. WORKS CITED PAGE Quote #1- Page 21-FREEDOM- Girl, Interrupted Quote #2- Page 80-SECURITY SCREEN-Girl, Interrupted Quote #3 Page 54-CHECKS-Girl, Interrupted   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Girl, Interrupted- By Susanna Kaysen Copyright 1993 Originally published by Turtle Bay Books, A Division of Random House, INC, NY 1993 Web Pages . www.antipsychiatry.org Article on------- Psychiatry's Electro-convulsive Shock treatment A Crime Against Humanity ---Lawrence Stevens, J.D

Ethical Issues Reflection Essay

Organizations today are faced with many issues. A major challenge is dealing with and determining a code of ethics. Ethics involves the study of moral issues and choices (Kinicki, 2009). Many organizations today are faced with unethical behavior that occurs throughout the company. Ethical and unethical conduct is the product of a complex combination of influences (Kinicki, 2009). They stem from the individual who has their own personality and values out to the internal organizational influences such as: organizational culture, ethical codes, and organizational size and also the external organizational influences which are: political/legal, national culture, and environment. The underlying question is â€Å"Why are ethical issues a major concern for an organization?† Ethical issues can cause an organization legal problem. For example the legal issues that News Corp board member Lachian Murdoch is facing, as stated in the Wall Street Journal this week. He is charged with allegations that he was involved in an attempt by the company’s Australian unit to offer favorable coverage in return for political support in the late 1990s (Critchlow, 2011). Murdoch denies any wrong doing and stated he was never involved in lobbying. He stepped down as News Corp’s deputy chief operating officer in 2005, by remained at the company only as a nonexecutive director and a voting stakeholder (Critchlow, 2011). Research shows that illegal and unethical issues happen for several reasons. For example (1) large firms are more likely to commit illegal acts than small firms; (2) although the probability of such wrongdoing increases when resources are scarce, it is greatest when resources are plentiful; (3) illegal behavior is prevalent in fairly stable environments but is more probable in dynamic environments; (4) membership in certain industries and a history of repeated wrongdoing are also associated with illegal acts; and, (5) the type of illegal activity chosen may vary according to the particular combination of environmental and internal conditions under which a firm is operating (Sims, 1992). Other reasons ethical issues are a major concern for organizations is that  it can lead to a potential loss of profit. Experts estimated that U.S. companies lose about $600 billion a year from unethical and criminal behavior (Kinicki, 2009). In order for a business to be considered successful there profit margin has to stay up. On the other hand it has also been shown that a commitment to ethics can be potentially profitable for an organization. Evidence has suggested that profitability is enhanced by a company being honest and having corporate citizenship (Kinicki, 2009). Managers should always be prepared to encourage and focus on improving on-the-job ethics. The number one way they can do this is by behaving in an ethical manner themselves. Managers are role models whose habits and actual behavior send signals about the importance of ethics (Kinicki, 2009). Secondly it is important to develop a meaningful code of ethics. The code of ethics should be given to every employee, and supported by upper management. Also it is a good incentive to offer rewards for compliance and reprimand for noncompliance. Third it would be a great idea to provide each employee with ethics training. Employees can be properly trained to identify and deal with ethical issues through seminars, video, and internet training sessions (Kinicki, 2009). Finally managers should reinforce ethical behavior. For example when you use repetition when teaching children they tend to repeat what they are taught. Therefore if managers reinforce ethical behavior it will become a constant in t he organization. A successful ethics and compliance program improves employee engagement, heightens profitability, and diminishes risk for any company. Whether your organization has an existing compliance program or needs to build one from the bottom up, it is always the right time to make ethics and compliance training a foundation of your business. References Critchlow, Andrew;Murdoch Son Denies Lobbying Lawmaker 2011 Kinicki, A & Kreither, R. (2009). Organizational Behavior:Key Concepts, Skills, Best Practices.(Ashford 4th ed.). McGraw-Hill Sims, R.R. (1992). The Challenge of Ethical Behavior in Organizations.Journal of Business Ethics.

Study of Lg

[pic] In partial fulfillment Of BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [pic] Submitted to: Submitted by: SWARNITA SRIVASTAVA bb Asst Professor BBA 4sem Roll no SUN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY 7 Km,Milestone Bareilly Road NH-24, Haji Nagla,Shahjahanpur (U. P) [pic] DECLARATIONI, ANJU MISHRA , hereby declare that the work titled Comparative Analysis of Employee`s perspective towards â€Å"COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LG AND VIEDOCON AIR CONDITIONERS† embodied in this report has been carried out by me as an original work. I declare that no part of it has been submitted for any degree of any institution previously. Date: 30 APIRL, 2013 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to take this opportunity to express my deep gratitude to all those who, directly or indirectly made this project possible. I have got considerable help and support in making this project report a reality from many people.I would like to thank Mr. ABHIJEET MISHRA, SIMT,SHAHJAHANPUR whose endeavor for perfection, under fat igable zeal, innovation and dynamism contributed in a big way in completing this project. This work is the reflection of his thought, ideas, concept and above all his modest effort. PREFACE This is the project about profiling the brand personality of air conditioner brands. The project involves the study of the whole Air Conditioner market. In this study we have studied the two of the major players in AC that is LG, Videocon.The report included the survey of the customer’s of these particular brands and then analyzing what kind of their customers are, the brand targets which segment of the customers, the customer’s age group, income group, their education level. Indian Consumer durables market used to be dominated by few domestic players like Godrej, Samsung, Hitachi Voltas and Kalvinator. But post liberalization much foreign company have entered into Indian market dethroning the Indian player and dominating Indian market the major categories in the market AIR CONDTION ERS CONTENT 1. INTRODUCTION †¢ COMPANY PROFILE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT COMPANY †¢ OBJECTIVE OF THE SURVEY 2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY †¢ COLLECTION OF DATA †¢ QUESTIONNAIER 3. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 4. CONCLUSION 5. FINDING AND SUGGESSION 6. BIBLIOGRAPHY RESEARCH OBJECTIVES ? To identify the two major player of AC market and their market share, products and the players within this segment. ? We Have taken the major competitors in AC segment as LG, Videocon, and did an in depth comparison of the same on certain parameters, which will be ? defined in the due course of the proposal. ? To ascertain potential market and competition. Ascertain the consumer preferences and satisfaction factor ? To highlight the perception of the consumers for the Air Conditioners. ? To do the brand profiling. ? To know the personality traits, likings of the customers for individual brands. ? To know which customer prefer which brand. ? Why do they purchase this brand only? ? How does this brand matches to their personality. ? Which brand targets or is liked by the customers of which age group ? Which brand is affordable by which income group. ? Do the customers want to repurchase this brand? If yes, then why so. What are the characteristics of the customer the brand targets? COMPANY PROFILE OF LG History [pic] When Willis Carrier invented the first system for â€Å"manufactured weather† in 1902, he sparked an industry that revolutionized the way in which we live, work and play. From that defining moment – and through to the present day – Carrier has been a company built on a legacy of innovation. For more than a century, our research, expertise and forethought have resulted in market-leading innovations and â€Å"firsts† that have shaped and defined the heating, air conditioning and refrigeration industry.Through our history of product excellence and committed customer service, we have evolved into a global company serving millions of peo ple and businesses in 172 countries on six continents around the world. [pic] Carrier India Vision: To be recognized as the leader in every segment we operate in by ? Being ‘customer focused’ in everything we do and following ACE diligently. Delivering ‘best in class’ quality in the product as well as aftermarket service. ? Being ‘environmentally conscious’ in areas of energy efficiency and pollution. Establishing a performance culture that respects human values & team work remain embedded in our core values of EH&S and ethics Thereby growing profitably and ahead of the market every year, making Carrier a destination of choice for all within HVAC&R industry. LG Electronics Is one of the leading companies in the field of electronics with a global presence in many countries. .Before briefing, I have divided the introduction part into three main sub parts. †¢ LG Global †¢ LG India †¢ LG Pune History of companyThe company was origina lly established in 1958 as Gold Star, producing radios, TVs, refrigerators, washing machines, and air conditioners. The LG Group was a merger of two Korean companies, Lucky and Gold Star, from which the abbreviation of LG was derived. The current â€Å"Life's good† slogan is a backronym. Before the corporate Name change to LG, household products were sold under the Brand name of Lucky, while electronic products were sold under the brand name of Gold Star. The Gold Star brand is still perceived as a discount brand. In 1995, Gold Star was renamed LG Electronics, and acquired Zenith Electronics of the United States. pic] Global Operation LG Electronics is playing an active role in the world market with its assertive global business policy. As a result, LG Electronics controls 110 local subsidiaries in the world with around 82,000 executive and employees. LG Group †¢ LG. Philips LCD †¢ LG Chemical †¢ LG Telecom †¢ LG Powercom †¢ LG Twins †¢ LG Dacom Business areas and main products Mobile communications [pic] a) CDMA Handsets, b) GSM Handsets, c) 3G Handsets, d) Cellular Phones Digital appliance[pic] a) Air Conditioners, b) Refrigerators, c) Microwave Ovens, d) Washing Machines, e) Vacuum Cleaners, f) Home Net, ) Compressors for Air Conditioners and Refrigerators Digital display[pic] a) Plasma TVs, b) LCD TVs, c) Micro Display Panel TVs, d) Monitors, e) PDP Modules, f) OLED Panels, g) USB Memory, h) Flat Panel Computer Monitors Digital media a) Home Theater Systems, b) DVD Recorders, c) Super Multi DVD Rewriters, d) CD ±RW, e) Notebook PCs, f) Desktop PCs, g) PDAs, h) PDA Phones, i) MP3 Players, j) New Karaoke Systems, [pic] Vision Global Top 3 by 2010 Global Top 3 Electronic/Telecommunication company Growth strategy â€Å"Fast innovation, Fast growth† Core competency â€Å"Product leadership, Market leadership, People leadership†Corporate culture No excuse, â€Å"we† not â€Å"I†, Fun workplace TA G LINE â€Å"Life's Good† represents LG's determination to provide delightfully smart products that will make your life good. The LG Electronics Life's Good signature consists of the LG logo, seal, and the slogan, â€Å"Life's Good† set in Charlotte sans typeface curved around the LG symbol. The curving of the slogan reinforces LG's personality and uniqueness. The consistent usage of this signature clearly establishes the unique identity of the company and unifies every division and product from LG Electronics across the globe.The Symbol The symbol of LG is the face of future. The letter â€Å"L† and â€Å"G† in a circle symbolizes world, future, youth, humanity & technology . LG philosophy is based on humanity. [pic] It also represents LG’s efforts to keep close relationship with our customers around the world. The symbol consists of two elements. 1. The logo in LG gray 2. The stylized image of human face in the unique LG red color. Red color repr esents our friendliness and gives a strong impression of LG’s commitment to deliver the best. The circle symbolizes The Globe.The stylized image of a smiling face in the symbol conveys â€Å"Friendliness and Approachability†. The one eye on the symbol represents â€Å"Goal-oriented, Focused & Confident†. The slogan of LG is â€Å"Life’s Good†. It expresses â€Å"Brand’s Value, Promises, Benefits, Personality. The Partnership LG Electronics chooses to promote harmony and build constructively on a labor-management relationship rather than an employee-employer relationship. This illustrates that management and workers are not in a vertical relationship, but in a horizontal one.This culture is necessary for LG Electronics as it strives to become one of the world's top companies. Such a relationship is transformed into a value-creation relationship whereby both parties endeavor to address mutual problems and create new values together. Strategic alliance LG Electronics is making technical advances and identifying business opportunities through various associative relationships with some of the world's leading companies. LG Electronics is striving to become number one in the world by mingling in various business and technological fields and making strategic alliances with world famous companies. Strategic association between corporations,† In which companies with different infrastructures cooperate in the fast-developing 21st century business field, Is of key significance in terms of strengthening the existing industry and creating a new one. [pic] LG Electronics will do its best to create new products and services with an open mind, while developing new technologies and business fields through various associations with some of the world's most successful companies. 1. 3M 2. SUN 3. YAHOO 4. PHILLIPS 5. TOYOTA 6. MICROSOFT 7. HP 8. GOOGLE 9. GE 10. INTEL 11.NORTEL 12. HITACHI 13. PRADA 14. RENESAS 15. TOSHIBA 16. BESTB UY And the number follows many more†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. In Feb. 2007 LG Electronics and Yahoo formed a strategic alliance. Yahoo mobile services will be available from LG mobile. This service is targeting 10 million LG mobile phones in over 70 countries. In Mar. 2007 LG Electronics and Google formed a strategic alliance. Both companies will work together to release, market, and offer LG mobile phones with Google services (search engine, map, email, and blogs. ) LG BRAND IDENTITY:- The brand of LG is delightfully smart.LG strives to enhance the customer’s life and lifestyle with intelligent features, institutive functionality and exceptional performance. The brand platform:- The LG brand is composed of four basic elements – 1. Value 2. Promise 3. Benefits 4. Personality The Brands core Value that never changes. a. Trust, b. Innovation, c. People d. Passion The benefits that are consistently delivered to the customer in cludes Reliable products Simple design Ease of useExtraordinary Experience Personality describes the human characteristic that are expressed to the customer through Trustworthy, Considerate Practical, Friendly The Internal Culture of LG: LG practices four cultures 1. Learning Culture 2. Boundary less Environment 3. A Carrier 4. Growth According to LG, the Learning Culture continuously helps the employee to learn more and more to develop the habit of continuous learning. Boundary less Environment:- It means that there is no difference between the levels of employees.There is transparency between the work and mutual understanding between all the employees. A carrier is highly growing in LG and one who is the employee can develop their carrier largely. A new comer will feel fully comfortable in the company and for a new comer the company is very helpful in the overall growth of personality. Growth in LG is very high for those who are in the company and for those who want to join in LG. The company is growing with fast innovation and the BLUE Ocean strategy is one of the examples of growth. Mission The mission of LG is to provide the customers with utmost satisfaction through leadership.The fundamental policy of development is to secure product leadership that the Customers may have the utmost satisfaction. Product Leadership We are focusing on six development areas to become the product leader. 1. New Machine 2. Reliability 3. Conventional Installation 4. Environment Friendly Product 5. Low Noise & Vibration 6. Energy Saving Quality Innovation The policy of quality assurance is to provide customers with utmost satisfaction by supplying zero defects. [pic] LG proceeds in a hierarchal manner. It is named as â€Å"LG WAY†. From top to bottom: No. 1 LG – is the VISION Jeong-DO† Management is LG’s unique application to ethics. LG will succeed through fair management practices and constantly developing our business skill. A) Honest with our c ustomer b) Providing great values to customer through constant innovation & and development. c) Equal opportunities d) Equal Treatment e) Management Principle – Creating value for customer Code of conduct of LG: 1. Responsibility and obligations to customers : †¢ Respect for Customers †¢ Creating Value †¢ Providing Value 2. Fair competition: †¢ Pursuit of Free Competition †¢ Compliance with Laws and Regulations . Fair Transaction : †¢ Equal Opportunity †¢ Fair Transaction Procedure †¢ Support and Aid for Business Partners 4. Basic Ethics for Employees: †¢ Basic Ethics †¢ Completion of Duty †¢ Self Development †¢ Fairness in Performance †¢ Avoidance of conflict with company interest 5 Corporate Responsibilities to employees: †¢ Respect for human dignity †¢ Fair Treatment †¢ Promoting Creativity 6 Responsibilities to society and country: †¢ Rational Business Development †¢ Protection of st ock holder interest †¢ Contribution to social development †¢ Environmental Conservation LG INDIALG Electronics India Pvt. Ltd. , a wholly owned subsidiary of LG Electronics, South Korea was established in January 1997 after clearance from the Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB). LG set up a state-of-the art manufacturing facility at Greater Noida, near Delhi, in 1998, with an investment of Rs 500 Crores. LG corporate office is located at Plot no. 51, Udyog Vihar, Kasna Road, Greater Noida, India. This facility manufactured Color Televisions, Washing Machines, Air-Conditioners and Microwave Ovens. †Company is setting up a chain of exclusive premium showrooms.LG plans to launch 60 premium Brand Shoppes by the end of the first quarter of this year. At present, LG has a total of 83 LG stores across the country, of which 45 are shoppes and 38 are exclusive stores. Brand shoppes will be placed in the premium segment and the target audience will comprise buyers intere sted in premium and high end products. LG Brand Shoppe goes beyond the concept of a normal exclusive store by having a more interactive environment and additional lifestyle orientation on display so that the customer can actually experience the LG products in his or her own home settings.LG Electronics India Ltd (LGEIL), consumer durables leader with 27% market share, is planning a brand new image. To attract inspirational and young consumers across India, company will roll out a new marketing strategy. The exercise will cost the company Rs 360 crore. LG Electronics India is the fastest growing company in the consumer electronics, home appliances, and computer peripherals industry today. LG Electronics is continually providing, superior technology products & value for money to more than 50 lakh households in India. LGEIL is celebrating the 11th anniversary this year.LG Soft India the innovation wing of LG Electronics in Bangalore is LG Electronics' largest R centre outside Korea. We at LGSI focus on niche technology areas such as mobile application development, digital video broadcast and biometrics software and support LG Electronics with our expertise. Motivated by a passion for technology, a strong work culture and loyalty to the organization, we are determined to see LG become one of the top three brands globally. Prominent consumer electronic company, LG Electronics Inc. has said that it expects the sale of its products in India to up by 15 per cent in 2008.Moon Bum Shin, managing director of LG Electronics India has said that the company has earmarked 4. 8 billion rupees for investment purpose in India this year. The said money will be used to market as well as manufacture new products. LG Electronics, which is originally a South Korean Company with branch in India, informed that its sales of GSM mobile phones, color televisions, air conditioners and other household goods in the Indian market was to the tune of 95 billion rupees ($2. 4 billion) in 2007. As per Shin's estimate, the sales in 2008 would be around 110 billion rupees.In order to achieve its target, Shin said LG Electronics will concentrate on catering to the high-end consumer market which will help boost sales this year. India churns out six (6) per cent of LG Electronics global revenues of $42 billion. The Indian branch of LG exports to 40 countries. India challenges The challenges faced by LG when entered in Indian market 1. Low brand awareness about LG in India. 2. One of the last MNCs entered in India (Samsung, Panasonic entered in 1995 in India). 3. High import duty 4. Compitition from local market players and other MNCs in consumer durable segment. 5. Price sensitiveness of the Indian consumerLGEI over comes these challenges to emerge as innovative marketing strategy:- 1. Launch new technologies in consumer electronic and home appliances. 2. LG was the first brand to enter in cricket in big way a way, by sponsoring the 1999 world cup followed it up in 2003 as well . 3. LG brought in four captains of the Indian cricket team to endorse its products. LG invested more then US$ 8 million on advertising and marketing in this sport. 4. LG has differentiated its product using technology and health benefits. 5. CTV has â€Å"Golden eye technology† Air conditioner has â€Å"Health air system† and microwave ovens have the â€Å"Health wave system†.Local and efficient manufacturing to reduce the cost. To overcome high import duties LG manufactures TV refrigerator in India at manufacturing facility at Noida and Pune. LGEI had already commissioned contract manufacturing at Mohali Kolkata and Bhopal for CTVs. This has helped LGEI to reduce cost. LGEI implementing the â€Å"Digital manufacturing system† (DMS) as the cost cutting innovation this system is follow-up to the six sigma exercise LGEI had initiate earlier. R&D potential LG has the research and development facilities in Bangalore and Pune.Both the unit carry out R&D depar tment for the domestic as well as the parent company it also dose customize R&D for the specific countries to which it export product. Regional channel and wide distribution network 1. LG has adopted the regional distribution channel in India. All the distributers work directly with the company. This has resulted in quicker rotation of the stock and better penetration into B, C, D, class market. 2. LG also follows the stock rotation policy rather then dumping stock on channel partners. 3. Product localization:- 1. Product localization is the key strategy used by the LG 2.LG came out with Hindi and regional language menus on its TVs. 3. Introduced the low-priced â€Å"Cineplus† and â€Å"sampooma† for the rural market. 4. LG was the first brand to introduce gaming in TVs in continuations of its association with cricket LG introduce cricket game in CTVs MAJOR KEY SUCCESS FACTORS Innovative marketing – LG was the first brand to enter cricket in a big way, by sponso ring the 1999 World Cup and followed it up in 2003 as well. 1. Local and efficient manufacturing to reduce cost – To overcome high import duties, LG manufactures PC monitors and refrigerators in India at its manufacturing facility at Noida, Delhi. . Commissioned contract manufacturing at Mohali, Kolkata and Bhopal for CTVs. 3. Product localization – Product localization is a key strategy used by LG. It came out with Hindi and regional language menus on its TV. 4. Regional distribution model – This has resulted in quicker rotation of stocks and better penetration into the B, C and D class markets. 5. Leveraging India’s IT advantage – LG Electronics has awarded a contract to develop IT solutions to LG Soft India (LGSI). The project involves development and support for ERP, SCM, CRM and IT-enabled services for LG.Strategies adopted by the organization LG follows 10 commandments which are as follows. 1. Foster working environment-5S Environment 2. Fast execution is key to success 3. Transparent and fast communication-open communication 4. Update market -knowledge –Demographics 5. Win –Win relationship with the trade partners 6. Customer is the king 7. Even Billing –Road to ach supplier A 8. Be in touch with the market (70% Market, 30% Office). 9. Plan and Execute annual marketing Calendar-Time to market 10. Display share of 50% -to get 50% consumer share.AIRCONDITIONERS FROM LG |INVERTER |[pic] | | |ART COOL | |Technology that delivers | | |precise cooling or heating power as per your choice. Where art meets intelligence | |It works faster and saves energy while ensuring uniform temperature. |. Fine art is no longer confined to museums. Grace your interiors | | |with the finest in technology and choicest of paintings.Decorate | |[pic] |your rooms with your mood and | | |sense of style | | | | | | |[pic] [pic] | |FLOOR STANDING |MULTI SPLIT | | | | |Air Throw that reaches every corner. Time to move on to cooling two rooms with a single outdoor unit. | |Get the advantage of mobility and the purest of air. | | |Ideal for homes and small offices and most effective in saving power. | | |The powerful motor can give a reach upto 21 ft too. | | | | | | |[pic] |[pic] | |HOT AND COLD AC |SPLIT AC | | | | |Optimum indoor weather management 365 days a year. Presenting the wide | | |range of Star Rated Split | | |Air Conditioner which not only | | |save power but also provide faster cooling, | | | | WINDOW AC [pic] Presenting the wide range of Star Rated Window Air Conditioner which not only save power but also provide faster cooling [pic] COMPANY PROFILE OF VIDEOCON Videocon is an industrial conglomerate with interests all over the world and based in India. The group has 17 manufacturing sites in India and plants in China, Poland, Italy and Mexico. It is also the third largest picture tube manufacturer in the world. Corporate profile The Videocon group has an annual turnove r of US$ 4. 1 billion, making it one of the largest consumer electronic and home appliance companies in India.Since 1998, it has expanded its operations globally, especially in the Middle East. Today the group operates through three key sectors: Consumer electronics In India the group sells consumer products like Colour Televisions, Washing Machines, Air Conditioners, Refrigerators, Microwave ovens and many other home appliances, selling them through a Multi-Brand strategy with the largest sales and service network in India. Videocon Group brands include Sansui, Toshiba, Electrolux, Kenstar, Next etc. Colour picture tube glass Videocon is one of the largest CPT Glass manufacturers in the world, operating in Mexico, Italy, Poland and China. Oil and GasAn important asset for the group is its Ravva oil field with one of the lowest operating costs in the world producing 50,000 barrels of oil per day. Acquisition of Thomson SA Videocon through its Wholly Owned Offshore Subsidiary acquire d the Color Picture Tube (CPT) businesses from Thomson S. A having manufacturing facilities in Poland, Italy, Mexico and China along with support research and development facilities. Videocon in its pursuit of mission to become a global major in consumer electronics and home appliances with large scale and low cost base for critical components, made its first footprint in acquiring global sized color picture tube manufacturing facilities across the world from Thomson SA.It had already formulated a â€Å"2010 road map† which outlines the group's strategy of being one among the top five in both branded consumer electronics and contract manufacturing in the world by 2010. Acquisition Rationale The acquisition came at a time when Thomson was facing a fall in demand in developed markets for television with CPTs and was moving more towards Flat-screen and Plasma Television. However, Videocon saw an opportunity in the emerging countries for CPTs and hence pursued with the acquisitio n. Besides, the acquisition gave Videocon, the access to advanced technology giving the company control over an R facility in Agnani, Italy. The major reasons behind this acquisition were:- Cost cuttingVideocon was better positioned to shift the activities to low-cost locations and also it could integrate the operations with the glass panel facility in India with the CPT manufacturing facilities acquired from Thomson S. A Videocon wanted to leverage its position in the existing parts of the business and this acquisition would give it a strong negotiation position and could reduce impact of glass pricing volatility. Videocon could also reduce the costs by upgrading and improving the existing production lines. Vertical Integration The acquisition helped Videocon in vertically integrating its existing glass-shell business where it had been enjoying substantially high margins. Videocon’s glass division had the largest glass shell plant in a single location.This gave the company a n unrivalled advantage in terms of economies of scale and a leadership position in the glass shell industry. The acquisition also gave Videocon a ready-market for its glass business and it was part of Videocon’s long-term strategy to have a global vertically-integrated manufacturing facility. Rationalization of Product Profile Videocon modified its product profile to cater to the changing market needs like moving away from very large size picture tubes to smaller ones. [6] Apart from the overall strategy Videocon also had a plan on the technological front. It wanted to improve the setup for the production line and line speed post-merger.Its focus was to increase sales while reducing the costs and thereby improving the productivity of the existing line. The company also wanted to foray in a big way into LCD panels back-end assembly On the sales front the company wanted to leverage on the existing clients of Thomson and build relation as a preferred supplier to maximise sales. Also, Videocon could benefit from OEM CTV business with the help of Videocon’s CTV division, invest for new models and introduction of new technologies. Thomson’s perspective In 2004 Thomson planned entry into the high-growth digital media and technology business. Also, Thomson wanted to exit consumer and electronics businesses as they were incurring significant losses.After sale of its TV business to Chinese group TCL, and Tubes to Videocon, Thomson divested from the audio/video accessories business which was the last unit of its consumer electronics business. The need to divest are quite evident from the losses that it incurred in these businesses particularly that the unit that it sold off to Videocon, the Optical Modules activity, and the Audio/Video & Accessories businesses which totalled around â‚ ¬749 million for 2005. Moreover Thomson had done some acquisitions that were in line with boosting their revenues in the following years. Other Competitors for the A cquisition When Videocon entered the race for the colour picture tubes manufacturing capacity of Thomson SA in November 2004, there were 16 other bidders.Videocon stood slim chances given the fact that it had to battle it out with players like LG,Philips, Samsung and Matsushita, Daewoo and several Chinese manufacturers but finally managed to close the deal. The deal catapulted Videocon into the No. 3 slot in the global pecking order for CPTs. An official of Videocon said on the deal † The word is out in the world that India and Indian companies are not just a good bet by themselves, but also a hedge against China. â€Å" Pre-merger negotiations The price that Thomson wanted for the deal was euro 240 million (Rs 1,248 Crore) and Videocon agreed to the same without much negotiations (Under the deal the debt continued to be of Thomson’s). A special purpose vehicle, Eagle Electronics was used to complete the acquisition. As a part of the acquisition, Thomson also agreed to acquire 13.   % stake in Videocon for 1250 Crore in which 10% was locked for the first three years. Thomson SA has divested the 3. 5% stake that was outside the lock-in clause to overseas institutional investors. For the remaining 10% Dhoots retained a right of first refusal(recently this 10% has been sold to the Dhoots). During the process of negotiations Videocon was less affected by the capital cost component. Dhoot believed that Thomson CPT’s losses arising out from high capital cost of its Mexican Plant could be reduced once the television market in India moved to bigger screen sizes and slims .Videocon could import those from its global factories and hence cut on the losses of Thomson. Pre-merger scenario analysisCPT industry is affected by many competitive factors such as change in the consumer preferences ,the product offer strategy of retailers, the progress made by alternative technology manufacturers ,capacity adjustment facility of competitors etc. Based on all of these factors there were two scenarios that emerged from the 2005 budget of Videocon. The first scenario is a conservative one. It mainly assumes Price pressures similar to those in the past(-8 to -12%),capacity reduction over a period of two years, a gradual shift to newer technologies like True Flat and good amount of growth for LCD makers. [pic] The second scenario is a more aggressive one in term of trends predicted.It assumes that the switch to TrueFlat would be faster, more overcapacity, more competition from LCD manufacturers and rising price strategy pressures in general. The second scenario obviously requires an industrial strategy which is more adapted to the environment. However even if the second scenario arises,Videocon believes there is an opportunity in the CRT business. Though it is very obvious that in the developed markets of the western world the demand is shifting towards the flat panel side(FPD it is expected to contribute 70% of TV market in these regions), in the emerging markets like BRIC CRT still holds fort. CRT holds a dominant 70% share in these markets.When translated into number of units the demand is more than 100 million units. As Videocon is primarily based in these countries, it hopes to harness the value of the Thomson acquisition in the coming years. Post merger situation (2010) Videocon has not been able to turn the plant around in Italy still. However it is getting support from the local government(which want to prevent job cuts) in form of grants. The government is in fact trying to set up a Greenfield venture in form of a LCD manufacturing facility in partnership with Videocon. The banks are also supporting Videocon and with help from all these quarters Videocon expects to turn around the plant in Italy.The Thomson plant has not turned around in Mexixo as well and in fact production has been reduced over there. In Poland,the situation is more promising and Videocon hopes that plant over there will get in black in the very near future. However the surprise has been in the Chinese market . Despite of facing a highly competitive market Videocon has managed to turn a plant around while the other is on its way. In China Videocon is adopting a different strategy for manufacturing CTVs as the local players dominate the market . It plans to supply these players by taking advantage of low-cost nature of mainland(the number targeted by it about 6 million CPTs).Role of local government in the acquired units The LCD television segment is one of the fastest in terms of growth rate in Italy. The compounded growth rate is projected to be around 70% in the next few years. Videocon in partnership with the local government is going for a Greenfield venture in this segment. The Italian central government is giving a euro 180 million grant whereas the regional authorities are giving a 40 million grant. Videocon would itself pitch in with about euro 300 million whereas bank loans would provide a further 700 million. In the Thomson plant located in China the local Chinese Government is the minority shareholder.When Videocon acquired Thomson’s CPT business, it also gained control of Thomson’s Mexican plants. However Videocon Industries has a view that it would expand in the country only if the government gives it enough incentives. Videocon is demanding a 25-30% cash benefits from the authorities who are currently ready to give only about 20%. Thomson’s exit from Videocon Thomson is looking to sell out its stake in Videocon (a 10 percent stake via GDRs) and in most likelihood it would be bought by Videocon itself. Thomson would be exiting at a loss as it had acquired the stake at around Rs 400 per share (approximately equal to $10 per share). The deal is expected to happen at current market prices.Videocon’s GDR is currently traded at around $5. 06 on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange. On the Bombay stock exchange its trading around Rs 150 against the 52 week high of Rs 8 68 in Jan 2008. Another point to be noted is that this won’t attract the market regulator’s â€Å"creeping acquisition† norm which comes into force once they acquire more than 5% stake,as the deal would be an overseas one. Possible purchase of General Electric's Appliance division On May 23, 2008, Videocon announced that it is studying an invitation from General Electric (GE) to bid for its century-old appliances division, which it has put up for sale. [pic] PRODUCTS OF VIDEOCON | |[pic] | | |[pic] | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | |[pic] | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | [pic] [pic] | | | | |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | |[pic] | | | |Split AC | |   | |[pic] |VS 2C-5233I / | | |VS C-7033B | | |INTEGRA | | |1. 5/2. TON | | |2 Star Power Saving | | |Ioniser | | |Turbo Speed | | |Sleep Mode | | |On/Off Timer | | |Self Diagnos is | | |Hydrophilic Coating – Evaporator | | |LCD Remote | | |4 Way Air Circulation | | |Buy now & get Exciting Offers. pic] Request To Quote | | | | |   | |[pic] | |   | |[pic] |VS 3C-2644/ VS 3C-3544 | | |INTEGRA | | |0. 8/1. TON | | |3 Star Power Saving | | |Deodorising Filter | | |Turbo Speed | | |Sleep Mode | | |On/Off Timer | | |Self Diagnosis | | |Hydrophilic Coating – Evaporator & Condenser | | |Auto Restart | | |4 Way Air Circulation | | |Buy now & get Exciting Offers. [pic] Request To Quote | | | |   | |[pic] | |   | |[pic] |VS 3R-3544/ VS R-5233 | | |GRACE | | |1. 0/1. TON | | |3 Star Power Saving | | |Catechin Filter | | |Sleep Mode | | |On/Off Timer | | |Self Diagnosis | | |Hydrophilic Coating – Evaporator | | |6 Step Air Swing | | |LCD Remote | | | | | |Buy now & get Exciting Offers. pic] Request To Quote | | | | |   | |[pic] | |   | |[pic] |VS G-5222/ VS G-7033 | | |GRACE | | |1. 5/2. TON | | |20 Micron Anti-Bacterial Fil ter | | |Sleep Mode | | |On/Off Timer | | |Auto Restart | | |Anti Freeze Sensor | | |LCD Remote | | | | | | | | |Buy now & get Exciting Offers. pic] Request To Quote | | | | |   | |[pic] | |   | |[pic] |VS T-2644/ VS T-3544 | | |SPLENDOUR | | |0. 8/1. 0/1. 5/1. 6 TON | | |20 Micron Anti-Bacterial Filter | |Turbo Speed | | |Sleep Mode | | |Self Diagnosis | | |Hydrophilic Coating – Condenser | | |Hydrophilic Coating – Evaporator | | |LCD Remote | | | | | |Buy now & get Exciting Offers. pic] Request To Quote | | | | |   | |[pic] | |   | |[pic] |VS T-5233M | | |VISTA | | |1. TON | | |20 Micron Anti-Bacterial Filter | | |Turbo Speed | | |Sleep Mode | | |Self Diagnosis | | |Hydrophilic Coating – Evaporator | | |6 Step Air Swing | | |LCD Remote | | | | | | |Window AC | |   | |[pic] |VW 1R-5244 | | |INTEGRA | | |1. TON | | |1 Star Power Saving | | |20 Micron Anti-Bacterial Filter | | |Turbo Speed | | |Sleep Mode | | |Real Time Clock in the Remote | | |LCD Remote | | |Hydrophilic Coating – Evaporator | | |On/Off Timer | | |Buy now & get Exciting Offers. [pic] Request To Quote | | | |   | | | |   | |[pic] |VW S-5223/ VW S-5222B | | |SPLENDOUR | | |1. 5 TON | | |20 Micron Anti-Bacterial Filter | | |24 Hrs.On/Off Timer | | |Sleep Mode | | |Auto Restart | | |Full Functional Remote(LCD Optional) | | |Fan Speed (Turbo/Quite) | | |Soft Touch Digital Panel | | |Auto Air Swing | | |2Ãâ€"3/2X2 Row Coil with 9. 5 c. u. mm Tube | | |Buy now & get Exciting Offers. pic] Request To Quote | | | | |   | | | |   | |[pic] |VW M-2644 | | |VISTA | | |0. TON | | |20 Micron Anti-Bacterial Filter | | |Sleep Mode | | |On/Off Timer | | |LCD Remote | | |Soft Touch Digital Panel | | |3 Min. Time Delay | | |Auto Restart | | |Buy now & get Exciting Offers. pic] Request To Quote | | | | |   | |[pic] | |   | |[pic] |VW F-2622/ VW F-3522 | | |VISTA | | |0. 8/1. 0/1. 6/2. 0 TON | | |20 Micron Anti-Bacterial Filter | | |Ioniser (VW F-5233I) | | |Sleep Mode | |LCD Remote(Optional) | | |On/Off Timer Auto Restart | | |Soft Touch Digital Panel (VW F-2622/VW F-3522/VW F-7034) | | |Anti Freeze Sensor (VW F-5233I/VW F-7034) | | |Auto Air Swing (VW F-2622/VW F-3522) | | |Other Available Models VW F-5233I/ VW F-7034 | | |Buy now & get Exciting Offers. pic] Request To Quote | | | | |   | | | |   | |[pic] |VW H-5222B | | |GRACE | | |1. TON | | |20 Micron Anti-Bacterial Filter | | |On/Off Timer | | |Sleep Mode | | |LCD Remote | | |Self Diagnosis | | |Hydrophilic Coating – Evaporator | | |Anti Freeze Sensor | RESEARCH METHODOLGY Meaning of Research-Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. Research can also be defined as a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic. In fact, research is an art of scientific investigation. According to Redman & Mory research is a â€Å"systematized effort to gain new knowledge. † Objectives of research: †¢ To gain familiarity with the phenomenon or to achieve new insights into it. †¢ * To portray accurately the characteristics of a particular individual, situation or a group. †¢ To determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which it is associated with something else.To test a hypothesis of a casual relationship between variables. Type of Research: †¢ Descriptive Research It includes surveys and fact-finding enquiries of different kinds. The major purpose of descriptive research is description of the state of affairs as it exists at present. The main characteristic of this method is that the researcher has no control over th