A Comparative Book Review

A Comparative Book Review Ethics are agreed codes of behavior adopted by a group or association. Ethical behavior is being honest, responsible of your acts and how you treat others in all aspects of your life. It respects the dignity, diversity and rights of people. Ethical behavior is applying standards to ones behavior. This essay discusses how ethical behavior will pay off in the long run. Ethical conduct means that there are standards of morality that individuals should observe and is important for everyone. One obvious reason is that it sets the standards for management, employees and creates a tone for the organization as a whole. Ethical standards depict behaviors morally accepted as good and right as opposed to bad or wrong in a particular setting it is particularly crucial for the business for a number of reasons. For example, murder and robbery are not only illegal but are universally regarded as wrong, while dishonesty , while not necessarily illegal, is usually thought to be immoral. They are created and adopted by people who are interested primarily in ensuring there are guidelines for behavior for the group members. For example, doctors and lawyers have ethical codes of practice which they sear to uphold as part of their professional practice. An ethical decision is one which typically involves choosing between what you have agreed not to do and what you find yourself wanting to do. For example, is it ethical to pay a bribe to obtain a business contract? Is it ethical to allow a company to withhold information that might discourage a job candidate from joining the organization? Is it ethical to ask someone to take a job that is not good for their career progress? Is it right to do personal business on company time? It might not be considered ethical for an organization to put the health of its employees at risk, or defraud its shareholders, even if there was no chance that the organization would be found out. These examples highlight why there is a need for maintaining high standards of ethical behavior and moral standards at work place. It is the expected conduct that organizations want their employees to hold while at work and important because every individuals conduct affects the relationships within an organization th us unconstructive on the overall performance of an organization. Most business experts suggest that establishing a code of conduct can help the company to behave ethically. A codes of conduct is a formal document stating the principles and the ethical rules it expects the employees to follow in the organization. Ethical standards protect the business from scandals and prevent them in the future. Ethical statements imply the employees, business associates, and the larger community a framework of the companys operating principles (rules and regulations) which needs to be followed, why the company exists, what the company believes, and how it acts to be in compliance with its professed beliefs. Caring out active reviews of these strategic plans and objectives will ascertain that they are not not practicising unethical acts. In addition, reviewing the standard operating procedures and performance measurements will ensure the business owners and managers that it is well structured and does not encourage unethical behavior. Studies has shown Joel and Jennifer Supeck2010-11-29T10:20:00 Which studies are you referring to?that organizations are now increasingly take account of ethical considerations, there has been a shift from traditional profit and free market business approach to ethical approach, in favor of consumer interests. A business that behaves ethically focus their involvement on activities in meeting all responsibilities to employees, customers and suppliers is awarded with a high degree of loyalty, honesty, quality and productivity in the long run. Ethical investments is one way of responding to issues of social responsibility in business decisions and activities and avoiding to be self serving. Ethical investors are essentially concerned with how profit is made and looks to maximise profit at the same time trying to minimise and avoid negative social effects . On the positive side, the public will begin to recognize and to honor individual companies for their contributions to solving most obdurate problems. It also aligns the interests of shareholders, when the interests of both parties are focused on the long term health of the company. The proponents of shareholder value take this long term focus for granted, they assume that for its own future well being, a company will want to be responsive t o its employees, consumers, and the public, and that this is the best way to realize true shareholder value. Socially responsible factors in areas of public concern include the environment, sustainability, globalization effects for example exploitation, child-labour, social and environmental damage anywhere in the world, corruption, armed conflict and political issues, staff and customers relations, for instance education and training, health and safety, duty of care, etc. It also includes the locals and other impacts on people such as their health and well-being. For example, Dell started recycling of computers at no cost and Shell started to work together with environmental groups. They set a company record by giving back to the society. Behaving ethically also improves the quality of work life and enhances the role of every employer in creating an environment where employee pride blossoms and theft losses disappear. When employees are valued as individuals and treated with fairne ss, equality, respect and dignity there is reduced corruption as they take pride in their organisation. Positive results are achieved when employees are given a basis for trust and respect to live by. If employees believe all are held to similar high standards, they likely will feel better about themselves, their colleagues, their organization and behave ethically when dealing with customers and business associates. Employees are more likely fiercely loyal, hard working and productive. Ethical companies have improved customer service and relationship building, an advantage over their competitors. Research proves that consumers are used to buying products from companies that have public recognition, a company record or being promoted. Enhancing customer loyalty to the brand is probably the single most powerful incentive for convincing companies to adopt ethics as a way of life. Another advantage of behaving ethically is that it promotes better staff retention and attraction, good organisations cannot function without good people. Ethical organizations have increased commitment by employ ees as good employees want to work with responsible and ethical employers. When a company fails to be a good employer they lose good staff because and it reduces the possibility of attracting good new-comers. This increases costs of recruiting new candidates and damage efficiency and performance. Ethical standards also help in protection of company assets, employees that have respect for their organization , tend to respect and protect the assets of that organization. Many business want employees to behave ethically because such a reputation is good for business which in turn can mean larger profits. For example, the workplace dictates the dressing protocol (the uniform) for employees, which indicate the employees opinion for their organization. Employees are required to conduct themselves with dignity at the workplace. How one behaves in the workplace helps them in building a good reputation and praises over the years to come. Similarly, encouraging employees to act ethically can save money by reducing employee theft, down time and lawsuits. Because many unethical acts are also illegal, a firm that allows workers to engage in unfair practices might be prosecuted. it is noticed that employees not having respect for their organization and co-workers encourage many forms of theft such as personal long distance phone calls on company accounts, padding of labor charges and expense accounts, taking office supplies home. Conversely, employees who are st eadfastly ethical avoid practices such as breaking areas and rest rooms, untidy work areas, excessive breaks or sick days from work and improper use of machines and equipment e.g. the photocopier, computer and personal use of company vehicle. In addition, an employee with little self or organizational pride not only causes lost supplies and equipment but can bring the organization to losses in production, time, professionalism, overhead charges, initiative, reputation, attitude, enthusiasm and customer respect. It is important that employees have a clear understanding of their organizations ethical standards and a feeling of management support for acting within those standards. Teaching ethics to an employee is not always effective. Management must set examples by their personal alignment with ethical standards and principles. It is my firm belief that behaving ethically is good for both the individual and the enterprise in the long run apart from setting a border between right and wrong. Ethical behavior means being morally responsible and adhered to accepted behavior in the place we work. Maximum productivity and creativity is achieved when individuals operate regarding the ethical considerations of their position. On the other hand, practicing unethical behavior results in reduced success and diminished effectiveness. Question 2 Every community needs a leader to show the way, for motivation and for things to happen in a controlled manner. An ethical leader stands up for what is right and knows what is worth doing, they benefit the individual, the team, the organization, and society as a whole. This essay will discuss the impact on society that leaders can make. Ethical leaders are those who behave ethically and are concerned of how their decisions have an impact on others. They respect each other, are honest, trustworthy, avoid corruption and violence, have a fair play and practice all acts of decency, a basis for human civilization. Ethical leaders work with social and emotional intelligence and are a source of human well-being and happiness. Such leaders base their behavior on moral grounds, respecting the rights of people and treating everyone in the society equally. They are honest, trustworthy, fair and just and show the way by practicing what they preach. Ethical leader therefore play an important role due to their quality of being people oriented. They focus on the needs of the people and do no not fulfill their self interest at the expense of others. This characteristic creates a relationship between the followers and leaders and inspires the people to be committed and work towards accomplishing a common goal. This is why the distri bution of ethical leaders is important throughout the society for good, happy and healthy relationships between humankind and productivity measures improve in every way.   Good ethics means good business. Non-corporation with the evil is as much a duty as is co-operation with good Mahatma Gandhi. Ethical leaders influence citizens to act with compassion, sympathy and noblest spirit towards others. If these values are honored by the society, it will benefit them in many ways. However, if these values are broken it will bring negative impact that will not only affect the violator but also the innocent people. The negative impact leads to lack of cooperation, faith and rise in corruption, crime, pollution and social unrest amongst the society members. Factories have long been found to pour untreated waste into rivers, poisoning fish and causing offensive smells. The same goes for smoking factory chimneys, and everyone accepts the desirability of that sort of control. Ethical commitment is important to get rid of these behaviours to defend the right to spoil other peoples enjoyment of life. This is accomplished by having ethical leaders in the business and society as a whole to set limits and minimise the amount of negative behaviours and controls the damage to life and environment. For example, in 2000 Christine Loh the chief executive of Civic Exchange, (non-profit public policy) was the prime mover of the issues of pollution, climate change and corporate social responsibility in Hong Kong. Other examples of ethical leaders include Chris Harrop and Bill Clinton. Chris Harrop the marketing director of Marshalls, the UK stone company reduced child labour in India for the quarrying sandstone. Bill Clinton the former US president played a key role in 2007 in pushing companies and governments to come up with innovative solutions for tackling the problem climate change and other areas such as HIV/Aids. Today businesses are expected to have good ethical values and act socially responsible as an example of ethical behavior. A social responsibility also develops a good image to the company.  In enhancing social responsibility it is important for organizations to employ good and best workers with individual sets of ethics. When individuals act ethically they work with energy and pride bringing maximum productivity and creativity. On the other hand, behaving unethically individuals engage in deception, thus there is diminished effectiveness and reduced success. Research also shows that destructive effects occur when the leaders or employees of a company behave unethically. This is because sometimes employees are unethical as they feel that they can gain from it, or that they think they can they can justify what they are doing. If employees see other colleagues not being penalized for unethical behavior, then they can feel that they can escape it to. Some employees can make a poor choi ce and feel the need to make more choices to cover it up. However, once bad decisions are made, they start to get worse until the employee gets caught. Ethical behavior should be modeled at the top level management, so that employees also ensure ethical standards are maintained. Organizations can aslo facilitate good ethical behaviors by not punishing employees when they come forward with problems but should be allowed to communicate problems. Companies show social responsibility when they go beyond what is optional, and intend to create a benefit for others besides themselves. They focus on giving back to the society. Some examples of socially responsible behavior are raising money for research on diseases, raising money for needy people, sending workers to do voluntary work within the community and promoting recycling. Every society therefore needs leaders who take personal responsibility for their decisions. People want to know if they can trust their leaders and many long for the times when it was easy to see for the difference between good and bad. Ethical leaders ensure to avoid serious consequences on the well being of others by exercising the necessary discipline required as members of society. They promote right actions and act to inspire that establishes the performance of individuals and the culture as a whole.  If the people in the society practice integrity, fairness, decency and enthusiasm, they will be empowered to work with their best performance and creativity. They contribute to the success of the society and influence the choices made by individuals and businesses in carrying out day-to-day activities. Secondly, organizations prosper when leaders take responsibility and ensure that works are performed ethically. Without ethical leaders the world would not have been a peaceful pla ce to live in.

Freedom and Slavery

The United States promotes that freedom is a right deserved by all humanity. Throughout the history of America the government has found ways to deprive selected people this right by race, gender, class and in other ways as well for its own benefit. This is a boundary of freedom. Boundaries of freedom outline who is able to enjoy their freedom and who isn’t. These people alter with time and as history unfolds. Slavery and the journey of their freedom was a big part of the foundation of the United States. At the beginning of the Civil War, Lincoln’s goal was to restore the Union and planned on keeping slavery present in the states.African American’s journey to freedom and what freedom means was a long and turbulent one. With the British colonies being established in the New World, a source of cheap labor was needed. The Slave Trade was introduced into the colonies from Africa. Slaves were an important part of the success of this new economy being built. 7. 7 millio n African Americans were estimated to be transported to the New World between 1492 to 1820. They were treated like other goods and were sold through the triangular trade route across the Atlantic. Slavery had its advantages to Englishmen.They couldn’t claim the protections the English law offered, their time of work never ended and their children were born into slavery and owned by the master as well. They also had encountered many diseases known to Europe and were less likely to capitulate to diseases. Slavery began to replace indentured servants on the Chesapeake plantations. To the normal plantation owner, it became more economical to buy labor for life, or a slave that you owned until they died. Slaves could be sold, passed on to family members, and leased. No black could own arms or put their hands on a white or else they were faced with extreme consequences.Also, if off the plantation, a white person could ask a black to provide their freedom certificate or a note of pe rmission to be off the plantation from the master they also faced extreme consequences. Slaves were like children to whites. They could not rebel without repercussions and could not betray or leave their owner. They had free labor that could not go anywhere; slavery was a huge benefit and was like a dream for a plantation owner. They were essential to production and cultivation of crops and plantations. By 1700, slavery was existent in all of the colonies.The House of Burgesses realized that slaves were an extremely important part of the labor force and therefore, to the economy. A new slave code was enacted in 1705 stating that slaves were property of their owners and to the white community. Slaves were the legal responsibility of the master and if they started to rebel it was the master’s obligation to keep them in line. Slavery also brought a new division of people to the New World. The slaves that were transported to the colonies for labor were not all from the same cultu re, race or society.They spoke different languages, had diverse customs and had many various religions. Many of these people would have never come in contact with each other if not for this slave trade. An overall stereotype of African’s was what they now where known as. There cultures and ideologies emerged into a single background and ancestry for people born into this lifestyle and they no longer came from different tribes or kinships. There new culture was based on African traditions, English fundamentals and American standards. This could almost be considered as the first installment of America becoming known as a ‘melting pot’.Slavery was a huge part of the development of the New World and to the rise of its commercial supremacy. In Britain the profits from the slave trade encouraged the growth of ports, banking, ship building and helped to finance the industrial revolution. It also boosted the colonies wealth and set the foundation for the strong economica l society it would later become. As a historian would later transcribe: â€Å"The growth and prosperity of the emerging society of free colonial British America †¦ were achieved as a result of slave labor†.

Walt Disney Organizational Structure - 1115 Words

The Walt Disney Company’s Organizational Structure Organizational structure The Walt Disney Company’s organizational structure looks most like a horizontal structure. Horizontal structure is based on departmentalization or subdividing the organization into subunits (Bateman amp; Snell, 2011). The Disney Company has five business segments: interactive media, studio entertainment, consumer products, parks and resorts, and media networks. These departments are grouped by product which is a great example of the divisional approach. Each product is closely related to the other as they all are about entertainment in one form or another, but they do still have their own descriptions. The interactive media segment uses digital media to†¦show more content†¦Geography is a factor because all of Disney’s business segments reach all over the world. They have amusement parks in several countries, their movies are translated into many languages worldwide, and the consumer products segment has thousands, if not more, types of merchandise that is shipped everywhere. The media networks, whether cable, publishing, radio, or television are broadcast in almost every country. ESPN is, according to their slogan shown at almost every broadcast, the worldwide leader in sports programming. Departmentalization is what their structure is based on more than anything else. Creating the five separate business segments makes it easier to manage a company as big as Disney. Even though there are separate divisions, they all work towards Disney’s vision which is simply, â€Å"To make people happy.† This vision complements their mission statement which s ays, The mission of The Walt Disney Company is to be one of the world’s leading producers and providers of entertainment and information. Using our portfolio of brands to differentiate our content, services and consumer products, we seek to develop the most creative, innovative and profitable entertainment experiences and related products in the world. (Tama, 2011). Disney uses a division of labor to assign different tasks to different people or their groups. The processShow MoreRelatedEssay on Organizational Structure of Walt Disney World756 Words   |  4 PagesOrganizational Structure Throughout the last three to four decades, since Walt Disney World opened its theme park in 1971, the park has undergone an incredible transformation. When the park originally opened only three rides were available and now after adding new rides, attractions, and other developments, there is over forty seven square miles of space. 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Ethical Dilemma in Consulting Essays - 1406 Words

Ethics in Consulting Ethics dilemmas in consulting Ethics has become an important topic in business today with good reason. Just look at the headlines: Rajat Gupta Scandal, Anil Kumar and Rajaratnam scandal, Enron, Worldcom, Health South, Great depression, financial crisis due to unethical behaviour by the banks etc. All of these cases are related to consultants either directly or indirectly and they occurred due to the moral fallacy of some of them. Ethics is an extremely relevant value in business and consulting. The presence of recognized ethics and/or ethical practices tends to diminish the need for informative or legal/contractual precautions in the formalization of relationships, for both of the parts involved in a†¦show more content†¦For instance, both lawyers and accountants have agreed on profession-specific codes of professional conduct, and physicians still frequently take the Hippocratic oath. Regarding management consultants the professional associations have formulated different sets of ethical rules. The contents of the individual codes either specify what professional conduct is or they indicate what cannot be considered as professional conduct. However, it is also obvious that professional rules only serve as overall ethical guidelines. The consequence of this is that the professional when practising is exposed to several more specific ethical issues for which there is no explicit or written solution. Whether they deserve it or not, it is notable that consultants and their business morals have been questioned and caricatured. Statements such as ``The new witch doctors or ``Consultants are people who borrow your watch to tell you the time and then walk off with it have often been quoted. A headline like ``They change colour according to the environment indicates a certain unreliability. 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I found the ACA’s model to be very helpful in determining what facets and perspectives a counselor would utilize to examine an ethical dilemma with potential

Vincent Willem Van Gogh And His Life - 2164 Words

Vincent Willem van Gogh (Dutch, 1853 – 1890) born in Holland, had a unique method of expressing himself on canvas. He was a post impressionist painter whose paintings portrayed emotionally evocative style through the use of bold colors and later swirling brush strokes. Throughout his life van Gogh worked on his art while battling mental instability which lead to his death in 1890 as a result of a fatal, possibly self inflicted gun shot. His most famous and respected paintings were completed in the final two years of his life. Van Gogh began drawing at a young age and started painting during 1870. His work includes that of watercolor, drawings and sketches. Van Gogh painted landscapes and several self portraits. Though he started working with colors after perfecting drawing itself, one of the most recognizable features of Van Gogh’s work was his bold use of colors. After living in Arles with Gauguin for some time, Gauguin’s technique influenced Van Gogh resulting in paintings that were boldly colorful conveying his emotions. His life experiences and the environment he grew up in pushed him to produce such awe inspiring pieces with emotionally appealing meanings. His use of vibrant colors, instead of depicting reality, expressed his inner feelings. Van Gogh said: Instead of trying to reproduce exactly what I see before me, I make more arbitrary use of color to express myself more forcefully.(Art Institute of Chicago 118) His work conveyed a feeling of movement. He workedShow MoreRelatedVincent Willem Van Gogh Of The Protestant Church1280 Words   |  6 PagesVincent Willem Van Gogh was born to Anna Cornelia Carbentus and Reverend Theodorus van Gogh of the protestant church on March 30th, 1853. Exactly a year to the date after their first child was stillborn. Biographers speculate that being the replacement child of his brother, who Vincent was the namesake of, could have added to his psychological trauma. There however is no historical evid ence of this being factual. While not is known much about Vincent, we do know that he was a quiet child and spentRead MoreEssay about Vincent Van Gogh 1358 Words   |  6 PagesVincent Willem van Gogh Vincent Willem van Gogh was born on March 30th 1853, in Zundert, The Netherlands. Van Gogh spent his teenage year’s working for a firm of art dealers; however, he did not embark upon his art career until 1880. Originally, he worked only with dark and gloomy colors, until he came across the art movements developed in Paris known as, Impressionism and Neo-Impressionism (Meier-Graefe 4). Van Gogh than included their brighter colors and unique style of painting intoRead MoreResearch Paper On Vincent Van Gogh705 Words   |  3 PagesVincent Van Gogh: The Life and Impression of a Post-Impressionist A great artist once wrote, â€Å"If you hear a voice within you say you cannot paint, then by all means paint, and that voice will be silenced†. This artist was Vincent van Gogh, soon to be an appraised artist known all around the world for his works, such as Starry Night. He is one of the very first artists of the post-impressionist style than is now adored in every continent. However, there is much more to the man than one paintingRead MoreVincent Willem Van Gogh : The Most Important Legend1388 Words   |  6 PagesVincent Willem van Gogh is one of the most important legend[s] in art history. He was born [born] on 30 March 1853 in Groot-Zundert , yet raise[d] in Netherlands, but moved around the world frequently as a child and as a man. Vincent Van Goh was a major Post-Impressionist painter through[wc] 30 March 1853 – 29 July 1890. He was born to upper middle class parents and spent his early adulthood working for a firm of art dealers. Vincent[don’t use first names unless you know them personally,Read MoreVincent Willem Van Gogh Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pages Vincent Willem Van Gogh, of Groot-Zundert, France, was born on March 30, 1853, near the southern Netherlands. He was noted as a troubled, erratic painter by David Sweetman, in his book Van Gogh: His Life and His Times. Anna Cornelia Carbentus and Theodrus van Gogh were the parents of this soon to be phenomenon, and focused their occupations around religion. Theodrus, Cor, Elizabeth, Anna, and Willemina were van Gogh’s siblings. The van Gogh unity held the common name â€Å"Vincent† throughout generationsRead MoreVincent Van Gogh And His Life868 Words   |  4 Pagestwenty-first (21st) Century, the life of Vincent Van Gogh; has become more of a legend with a substantial figure among painters and western art in the society today. Vincent Van Gogh is said to be a person with persevering characteristics due to all the failures he encountered in his career path from being a â€Å"minister like his father to dealing in arts like his uncle† (Blumer,2002) before becoming the successful painter, we all acknowledge in the world today. However, Vincent Van Gogh is practically known toRead MoreBiography of Vincent Van Gogh Essay636 Words   |  3 Pagesattention to some. Van Gogh was born in Groot-Zundert, Holland on March 30, 1853. Vincent Van Gogh was born into a family of religion and strictness. His dad was a pastor in town. Van Gogh’s mother, Anna Cornelia Carbentus, was the daughter of Willem Carbentus. Her dad had bound the first Constitution of Holland. The name Vincent was given to him by his parents because a year prior to his arrival, his parents had had another son whom they tragically lost at the time of his birth. Vincent was the youngestRead More Vincent van Gogh Essay722 Words   |  3 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Vincent van Gogh was born in Groot Zundert, The Netherlands on 30 March 1853. He is the son of Theodorus van Gogh and Anna Cornelia Carbentus. Van Gogh attended a boarding school in Zevenbergen for two years and then went on to attend the King Willem II secondary school in Tilburg for two more years. Then at the age of 15 he left his studies. Vincents two uncles and his younger brothers are art dealers and the in flounced Vincent greatly. Vincent also became an art dealerRead MoreVincent Van Gogh s Influence On The World Of Art788 Words   |  4 PagesVincent Van Gogh Vincent Willem Van Gogh was a post-Impressionist that lived in the 19th century. However, his art continues to influence the world of art today. On March 30, 1853 Vincent was born to minister Theodorus Van Gogh and Anna Cornelia Carbentus. He was born in Zundert, Netherlands. Vincent was named after his stillborn brother that had been born exactly a year before Vincent. The name Vincent was actually very common in the Van Gogh family. Vincent shared his name with his uncle and grandfatherRead MoreThe Van Gogh s Life849 Words   |  4 PagesHolland, that Vincent Willem Van Gogh was born to a preacher and an artist. His father, Theodorus Van Gogh, was described as an austere country minister who raised his sons in a religious atmosphere, while his mother, Anna Cornelia Carbentus, imparted on Vincent her love for color and art. While Vincent Van Gogh became known later in time for his heartbreaking backstory and troubled mind, melancholia remained a continuous theme in his life story even prior to his birth. In fact, Van Gogh was born exactly

Value of Learning and the Number of Bucks Free Essays

College is a time to broaden your education and develop your skills. Different people go to college for different reasons but mostly for an education. The National Athletic Association is meeting next year and will decide if it needs to change its policy of not paying college athletes. We will write a custom essay sample on Value of Learning and the Number of Bucks or any similar topic only for you Order Now I do not understand why this should be an issue. The main reason people go to college is to learn. So the NCAA will be deciding whether the athletes should be paid for playing their sport of choice thus demeaning the reason they are at college in the first place. There are millions of students who go to college each year; some play sports, others are in student government, and some are in theater. Each group is equally important to the college and in some cases are treated the same. If the athletes start being paid for playing sports then what†s going to stop the other students from finding a way to be paid for what they do. Does this mean then that students in student government should be paid for what they do or that the theater students should be allowed to join an equity theater union and be paid for doing shows? Paying athletes will create a rivalry among the students, for why should one group be paid for going to college while the others are not. The other thing to look at is that most student athletes are receiving scholarship and grant support from their college. Majority of the money that athletics being in is given back to the students through grants and scholarships. At Notre Dame, for example, grants-in-aid to student-athletes are worth about $5 million annually. Add to that the millions spent on travel, housing, equipment, health care and other costs and pretty soon you’re talking real money. So yes, while athletics does generate millions of dollars in revenue for universities, there also are millions of dollars in expenses, most of which directly or indirectly assist the student-athletes. Sometime scholarships and grants are not enough which is why the NCAA recently passed legislation allowing student-athletes to work year-round. In addition, Pell Grants are available to the truly needy, and general student loans are another alternative. With all these options available, there shouldn†t be a need to pay s tudent athletes. What’s awful about the persistent whine for money is, it’s saying a college education is worthless. People are suggesting that the value of learning can only be measured by the almighty buck. Paying students will put; too much emphasizes on sports and not enough on education. An education is priceless, and student-athletes at American colleges and universities reap the benefits of the finest higher education system in the world. From their education, students can go on in life and do what they want because they have the drive and education to. Student-athletes entertain us with their special skills and, in compensation, receive: all expenses paid competition in the sports they love, education that is worth thousands of real dollars with the promise of thousands more in future earnings, and the lifetime benefits of wisdom and character that come with being educated men and women. If we decide to pay college athletes, the only thing we accomplish is to move the universities further away from their stated ideals by making them more businesslike and disrupting the main point of college — to learn. How to cite Value of Learning and the Number of Bucks, Papers

Australian Schools Deal Well with Diversity and Difference

Question: Do Australian schools deal well with diversity and difference? In your discussion make sure you refer to educational policies and real life referenced examples to support your point of view? Answer: Statistics has shown that more than 40 % of the Australians are born or at least their parents are born overseas. People in Australia are coming from more than 200 countries who speak almost 300 different types of languages. It includes the 50 indigenous languages that have brought diversity in the religious practices, customs and languages. The school and colleges in Australia reflect the growing religious and linguistic diversity that has been reflected by the nation. The students attending the same school and coming from the same neighborhood will come to school with different needs and their cultural back ground will be different (Australiancurriculum.edu.au, 2013). In this essay I will argue about the influence of the habits of the students and the teachers on the success of the students. I will also highlight on the ways in which the anti discriminatory practices of the teachers can influence the behavior of the students. The social reproduction theory has been used to explain the cultural diversity of the country. I will focus on the influence of ethnicity on the life of the students in Australia. The Australian schools reflect racism. Racism is seen in the schools and colleges in Australia in terms of racist abuse, discrimination and harassment (Ramesh, 2013). Life chances are the theory presented in social science that reflects on the opportunities of the individual in order to improve their quality of life. The concept is probabilistic in nature. There are certain factors that will influence the life of an individual and turn it in a certain manner. The socio economic status of an individual has positive correlation with the life chances of the individual. In this context I have to mention that gender and class are the most sensitive concepts of the social theory (Walder, Li Treiman, 2000). The picture of the theory of life chances can be explained that is held by the people residing in Australia. The Australians value the ways in which the government has proposed to maintain the health and well being of the people which is shared with the educational achievement of the individual. But it has been reported that more than four fifth of the children coming from the low income families in Australia (belonging below the age of seven) have f ailed to achieve good grades in English and Mathematics (Svallfors, 2005). This reflects the inequality that is faced by the children. This highlights the extent to which the life chances of the poor children are determined in the primary schools in Australia. Differences are noticed in the results of the rich and the poor children in the Australian schools. The theory of life chances is applicable to explain the social injustice towards the aboriginals in Australia (Yang et al., 2007). Social injustice is reflected in the Australian schools. The Australian aboriginal group suffers from extreme social injustice. They suffer from social injustice in absolute terms as well as in comparison with the non Aboriginal society (Stevenson, 2007). The concept of race has no biological basis in it but it is a social construct. The biological inferiority of a particular group of individuals has resulted in social injustice towards them. It has been stated the indigenous people in Australia are the most socially disadvantaged group. They are the most vulnerable towards the discriminatory practices (Keddie, 2005). They are subjected to racism. The theory explaining the social injustice towards the indigenous Australian group is the critical race theory. It focuses on the application of the critical theory for the examination of the culture that persists in the society and the intersection of the law, race and power in the society. The controversial issues that are involved in the pursuit of the inequality issues in Australia have been explained via this theory (Jacobsen, 2007). I have observed personal cultural bias in the Australian schools. The education system in Australia is subjected to cultural bias and this is reflected as more and more multiculturalism is noticed as a result of the diversity in the races, culture, values and language. I have noticed the impact of the cultural biasness in the performance of the indigenous and non indigenous group in the schools in Australia. The proportion of the Aboriginals and the Torres Strait islanders in the schools is increasing. But I have noticed that the teaching profile in the schools and colleges is dominated by the non indigenous population. There is need for the development of intercultural arrangements in the Australian schools. The personal cultural bias of the teacher has resulted in adverse impact on the students. It is evident from the difference of the indigenous population and the non indigenous population that the cultural bias has resulted in the variation of the academic performance of this gro up (Hickling Hudson Ahlquist, 2003). The cultural bias towards the indigenous students in the Australian schools can be explained by the critical race theory. It explains the effect of racism on the Aboriginal population. It also highlights the need of professional development of the white teachers for meeting the need of the Aboriginal students as well as the non indigenous students (Durey, 2010). The dominant discourses are prevalent in the Australian schools. The non indigenous population in the Australian schools has a tendency of dominating the indigenous population. The non indigenous white population of the Australian schools considers the ethnic group as the most myriad group of population (Ryan Huyton, 2002). The indigenous students in the Australian schools experience racism that range from harmful assumptions by the non indigenous population, paternalism and prejudices towards the group of people. The indigenous populations are also subjected to violence by the non indigenous group. The dominant culture in Australian exercises their power over the non indigenous population. The pedagogies that are used by the teachers are disempowering for the students. The dominance of the non indigenous population towards the indigenous group of people can be explained in terms of the social reproduction theory. It put emphasis on the structure and activities that transmit social inequality from one generation to the next generation. The social inequality can be explained in terms of cultural capital that promotes the dominance of the particular section of the society in terms of non financial social assets (Catana, 2014). The dominance by the non indigenous population on the Aboriginals population is prevalent in the Australian schools. The non indigenous Australian population would discriminate the indigenous Australians in the schools when they are sitting adjacent to them by passing heinous comments. The indigenous population faces discrimination in the public transport and also at work place. This has marked the increase of absenteeism among the indigenous population. This has affected the academic achievement of the Indigenous students. The indigenous students have poorer access to the resources which has hindered the path of their academic growth. The schools have to develop their intercultural understanding in order to bridge the gap between the indigenous and non indigenous population. The Australian schools have to develop a broad curriculum provision. There should be a shared vision in the school community with high expectations for the success of the students as well as the staff members. T he school must create a learning environment that is responsive to the individual need of the students. The teachers must proactively include ways in which there is continuous improvement in the ways of treatment towards the indigenous group. This can be achieved by introducing quality career education in the schools (YATES COLLINS, 2010). The theoretical framework that can explain the power that is operating in the non indigenous population towards the indigenous group is the cultural capital theory. The framework promotes social mobility in various sectors which includes the education sector and other social aspects. It emphasizes on analyzing the difference in the outcome of the children as a result of inequality and racism. The social capital aspect of the cultural capital theory focuses on the resource that is based on group membership and the relationship amongst the group members. It highlights the command of a particular section of the society on the minority group. Inequality persists in the Australian school. The non indigenous students adopt a dominant position in the schools. The white teachers tend to have a biased approach towards the indigenous population. The cultural capital theory can well describe the dominance on the indigenous Australian population. The non indigenous population of the society enjo ys a higher status in the society in terms of resources of knowledge, education and skills available to them. It is evident from the example provided in the previous paragraph that the indigenous populations are subjected to dominance by the non indigenous Australians. Thus power imbalance is evident in the society. The New South Wales Department of Education and Communities is committed towards improving the outcome of education of the indigenous population in Australia, This is done in order to provide academic resources to the indigenous population so that the students can excel their academic performance. On fulfillment of the goals set by the committee the Aboriginal population will be able to gain better outcomes amongst the broader students population. The department is committed towards increasing the knowledge and understanding of the Aboriginals considering them as the first peoples of Australia. The department is committed towards providing cultural education to all the staff members and students so that they can value the culture of the Aboriginals. The Australian Government provides funding to the schools run by the Government and the non Government institutions to promote the education to the indigenous population. They are considered as an integral part of the society and their kn owledge and expertise is valuable for the economic development of the country. The Government has recognized the importance of teacher quality in the school. It is an influencing factor for the engagement of the students and achievement of the students. The policies have been quite effective in eradicating the issue of discrimination towards the indigenous population. But the issue has not been resolved to the full extent (Rowse, 2015). The policies devised by the Government showcase the exhibition of power to promote the equality in the Australian schools in order to eradicate discrimination. The theory that can explain the power exercised by the Government is the cultural capital theory. They are focused towards promoting the well being of the indigenous students in almost all the schools in Australia (Taylor, 2014). The economic capital can be relatively converted into the cultural capital that is required by the students to value and accredit. The lack of the cultural capital results in educational failure. The power exercised by the Government to raise the cultural capital of the school by providing the adequate resources is evident from the increase in the literacy rate of the indigenous population. The social background of the individual and the highest level of education achieved have become very strong. In this context the power exercised by the Government has become very important. The Government has taken a strong position in order to address to the inequality issues faced by the indigenous population in the Australian schools (Davidson, 2011) ; (Yosso *, 2005). The essay has identified the ways in which the Australian schools deal with diversity and difference. For this purpose I have provided a brief idea of the various discrimination issues faced by the indigenous population in Australia. I have highlighted the ways in which the indigenous population is barred from achieving academic excellence as a result of discrimination against them. I have highlighted the issue with respect to the critical theory, social reproduction theory and the cultural capital theory. I have provided certain examples to show the ways in which the indigenous population in Australia face discrimination. The power of the non indigenous population has been identified. I have tried to provide the education policies implemented by the Universities and the Government organizations in order to address to the inequality issues in the country. The Government has analyzed the inequality and power imbalance issues in the country. They have formulated ways in which the inequ ality issues can be exempted. I have provided certain measures taken the Government to address to the inequality issues in the Australian countries. The theoretical aspect of the inequality issues has been identified and explained with respect to the power exercised by the Government to eradicate the inequality issues by the Government. References Australiancurriculum.edu.au,. (2013).Student Diversity and the Australian Curriculum. Retrieved 18 March 2015, from https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/StudentDiversity/Pdf/StudentDiversity Catana, S. (2014). Teaching Cross-cultural Communication Issues A Way of Successfully Integrating into the Multicultural Knowledge Society.Procedia - Social And Behavioral Sciences,128, 343-348. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.168 Davidson, I. (2011). The Politics of Suffering: Indigenous Australia and the End of the Liberal Consensus by Peter Sutton.American Anthropologist,113(1), 186-187. doi:10.1111/j.1548-1433.2010.01321_24.x Durey, A. (2010). Reducing racism in Aboriginal health care in Australia: where does cultural education fit?.Australian And New Zealand Journal Of Public Health,34, S87-S92. doi:10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00560.x Hickling Hudson, A., Ahlquist, R. (2003). Contesting the Curriculum in the Schooling of Indigenous Children in Australia and the United States: From Eurocentrism to Culturally Powerful Pedagogies.COMP EDUC REV,47(1), 64-89. doi:10.1086/345837 Jacobsen, E. (2007). Looking Back, Looking Forward.J. Chem. Educ.,84(1), 9. doi:10.1021/ed084p9 Keddie, A. (2005). A framework for gender justice: Evaluating the transformative capacities of three key Australian schooling initiatives.Aust. Educ. Res.,32(3), 83-102. doi:10.1007/bf03216828 Ramesh, R. (2013).Poor children's life chances are decided in primary school, report finds.the Guardian. Retrieved 18 March 2015, from https://www.theguardian.com/education/2013/oct/08/poor-children-chances-primary-school-report Rowse, T. (2015).Indigenous Futures: Choice and Development for Aboriginal and Islander Australia. Ryan, C., Huyton, J. (2002). Tourists and Aboriginal people.Annals Of Tourism Research,29(3), 631-647. doi:10.1016/s0160-7383(01)00073-1 Stevenson, R. (2007). Schooling and environmental education: contradictions in purpose and practice.Environmental Education Research,13(2), 139-153. doi:10.1080/13504620701295726 Svallfors, S. (2005).Analyzing inequality. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. Taylor, R. (2014). It's All in the Context: Indigenous Education for Pre-Service Teachers.Aust. J. Indig. Educ.,43(02), 134-143. doi:10.1017/jie.2014.16 Walder, A., Li, B., Treiman, D. (2000). Politics and Life Chances in a State Socialist Regime: Dual Career Paths into the Urban Chinese Elite, 1949 to 1996.American Sociological Review,65(2), 191. doi:10.2307/2657437 Yang, L., Kleinman, A., Link, B., Phelan, J., Lee, S., Good, B. (2007). Culture and stigma: Adding moral experience to stigma theory.Social Science Medicine,64(7), 1524-1535. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.11.013 YATES, L., COLLINS, C. (2010). The Absence of Knowledge in Australian Curriculum Reforms.European Journal Of Education,45(1), 89-102. doi:10.1111/j.1465-3435.2009.01417.x Yosso *, T. (2005). Whose culture has capital? A critical race theory discussion of community cultural wealth.Race Ethnicity And Education,8(1), 69-91. doi:10.1080/1361332052000341006